tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49897068905911389182023-11-15T06:51:58.545-08:00Essay about college studentsResearch Paper Topics In Community MedicineRufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.comBlogger62125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-79767457293290039642020-09-03T04:31:00.001-07:002020-09-03T04:31:07.511-07:00GMOs Essay Example For StudentsGMOs Essay Advantages of Genetically Modified Organisms We experience a daily reality such that is continually changing and propelling gratitude to innovative headways, particularly in the field of sub-atomic hereditary qualities. Today, we are finding and actualizing better approaches to beat the disastrous side effects created therefore from unexpected frailty or mishaps. We are additionally making progressions in the field of horticulture because of sub-atomic hereditary qualities. As we as a whole know, food is a fundamental substance in our lives and is plentiful just as generally simple to get here in the United States. In any case, in the same class as it might sound, this isn't really valid for creating nations. Numerous individuals in creating nations get next to no food, assuming any, because of its shortage. It is evaluated that in Asia alone, near 800 million individuals head to sleep hungry consistently because of food deficiency. This issue can be eased by going to the creation of hereditarily changed living beings (a.k.a. GMOs Essay). Hereditarily changed life forms can be plants or creatures that have been hereditarily adjusted to deliver or communicate an ideal trademark or attribute. By hereditarily modifying life forms, for example, crops, we can dispose of the utilization of pesticides by making the harvests impervious to creepy crawlies. We can likewise deliver crops that are impervious to floods and dry seasons. Moreover, with the utilization of sub-atomic hereditary qualities, we can deliver nourishments that are wealthy in supplements and enhancements. Individuals in creating nations may not be lucky enough to have a luxurious dinner that contains supplements from every one of the four essential nutrition classes. In any case, GMOs can with a little adjustment give all the amino acids, nutrients, and minerals remembered for a decent eating regimen by essentially expending a hereditarily altered staple harvest, for example, rice. What's more, by delivering crops that are impervious to cruel ecological conditions just as vermin, we would see a quick increment in the creation of food consequently decreasing as well as! perhaps wiping out starvation in creating nations. A few people may contend that GMOs is just not the best answer for starvation. Many accept that GMOs will prompt disastrous outcomes in the wake of being devoured. It is in truth that their feelings of dread depend on madness and numbness. Devouring GMOs won't prompt the creation of horns on our heads nor will it cause us to develop tails. Hereditarily altered creatures will anyway expand food creation, which is the main concern. What do you think the main idea will cross a people mind when his/her stomach hurts for food? Will he/she decide not to eat in view of their feelings of dread or will he/she diminish their stomach agony and decide to eat? The main was we will realize how to respond to this inquiry in truth is to be placed in that circumstance. Besides, with all the progressions in innovation and science, we are finding that numerous things around us and in the condition that used to be thought to have been destructive to us are not, at this point a worry. For example, the utilization of cell phon! es were accepted to cause disease because of their discharge of radiation. Be that as it may, today we realize that it is to some degree unimaginable in light of the fact that for one, you would need to be presented to a telephone for exceptionally a lot of time and two, it is for the most part the more established telephones that may do this because of new telephones being altered to transmit low measures of radiation. Likewise, today GMOs are being created by researchers who have a significant comprehension of atomic hereditary qualities permitting them to yield safe freaks. Hereditarily adjusted life forms can in reality be helpful to all tenants of this world. .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b , .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b .postImageUrl , .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b , .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b:hover , .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b:visited , .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b:active { border:0!important; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b:active , .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enhancement: underline; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-adornment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d 025b .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u0033f2f6d807dc3892211a4d484d025b:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Halloween Essay GMOs won't just give the protection from bugs and cruel ecological conditions, higher harvest yield, yet additionally the way to disseminate immunization and sustenance all through our vigorously populated planet. Since the disclosures and progressions being made in science today, GMOs are being made safe for all individuals and ought not be viewed as something that will wreck humanity. In the opposite, GMOs will spare numerous and give a superior life to the individuals who are less blessed. Works Cited 1). Hereditarily Modified Organisms (GMOs), www.gmac. gov.sg/faq-gmo.html 2). Hereditarily Modified Pest-Protected Plants: Science and Regulation, www.nap.edu/books/0309069300/html/ 3). Hereditary Food Alert, www.geneticfoodalert.org.uk/. Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-74597089646135248362020-08-22T18:10:00.001-07:002020-08-22T18:10:25.392-07:00Debates on Modernist Art InstallationsDiscussions on Modernist Art Installations Remaining inside the entranceway, the chamber transcends, lookout windows saturating the inky and strange presentation region, every establishment flickering underneath the early morning daylight. Close by lifts climb uncovered and metallic, counterbalancing the chronicled and current artistic creations on close by dividers with their robotic complexity. This perspective on the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in New York is both amazing and moving yet continually condemned as a derogation from the fundamental members in this voyeuristic excursion, the works of art. In todayââ¬â¢s extending worldwide network, there is a proceeded with development of social definition, one which is not, at this point the duty of the seniors or the directing legislative body. Rather, social emulsion has been assigned to the inexorably vocal individuals from social specialties, the propagators of harmonizing difference and support, and inside this blend, there waits an unsure future for the universe of pr esent day craftsmanship, as pundit and partnership the same strive for equivalent state in situation and worth. Never again is the business constrained by the complete assessments of the bourgeoisie, nor is it developed through crafted by a solitary progressive craftsman. Rather, workmanship is an experiential type of network, one which is personally identified with the impression of the watcher and the goal of the craftsman. Inside this communitarian experience, notwithstanding, there is one increasingly particular and noteworthy player, the institutional engineering itself. It is from inside these dividers (or outside of them sometimes) that the watcher recovers their spatial discernment, and in this way a special edge of reference to the workmanship as it is seen. The eventual fate of present day craftsmanship organizations exists in the capacity to interface imaginative engineering and staggering workmanship, an assignment which has demonstrated hard for some worldwide offices. Eventually, the nature of design is one which can be effortlessly incorporated into the imaginative adages of an envious society; and as culture dodges mainstream scattering in the midst of broad communications mess it is the duty of the establishment to resuscitate personality and significance. Imaginative portrayal developed from an inquiry, the inside battle of a mankind resolved to indentify a tricky importance, a wide range of thought which required articulation and discussion.[1] Historically, this stimulus was established on the strict iconography which was so unavoidable in the hundreds of years going before the postmodernist time. Pundits, for example, Ruskin tested that the craftsman himself was a conductor of ethical quality from which inborn goodness and worthy expectation were required instruments of his specialty form.[2] Yet this hypothesis couldn't hold in a general public which kept on sidestepping such restricting manners of thinking and present new and increasingl y extreme thoughts, factors of need more than upset. The ascent of innovation can be ascribed to a regulation of radical uncertainty, a required assembling of theories from which collectivist persistence can work among various wellsprings of authority.[3] It is from inside this new structure the compositional benefits of the foundation got disparate from their recorded portrayal. Out of the shape with white dividers and consistent progression of watchers advanced a system of investment, one which moved designers to rethink their structures, making genuine goals to include an all the more observing postmodern voyeur. The underlying foundations of innovation, as indicated by Williams (1992) turned into an end, a limiter among craftsmen who acted outside of the circle of the huge establishment, in this manner consigning emotionally expected genuine creative ability to the corridors of super organizations where their advancement would prosper appropriately.[4] It was this realignment of workmanship to institutional showcase which empowered an a lot more extensive open viewership, subverting the idea of elitism and segregation. Lind (2007) takes note of that cooperation was a basic factor in the development of postmodernism, framing the desires for network among specialists and watchers, a functioning delineation which tried to bring the members into the one of a kind tasteful of the craftsmanship itself and away from the oblivious obedience desires evoked by society.[5] Collaborative workmanship would turn out to be to a greater extent a way of life than a structure, empowering the structure to turn out to be considerably more noteworthy, effectively acquainting people in general with the benefits of support. As craftsmen work together, so do the watchers, effectively deciphering their vision and exposing it to inside methods of desire and observation. This social disintegration through imaginative portrayal is one of the most basic advancements inside the cutting edge craftsmanship organization and it will keep on characterizing the structure of future foundations as watchers and specialists effectively take part as far as they can tell. In searching for instances of this unrest of structure, the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in New York perceived the innovator development and incorporated Bauhaus-style engineering to turn into a worldwide image for another and idealistic portrayal of exhibitionism.[6] The philosophies which underlie utopianism in craftsmanship are a socially different requirement for connectivism, an inconstancy which can work both practically and thoughtfully, consequently testing the affinity of acknowledgment and supplanting it with an issue of ââ¬Ëwhat.ââ¬â¢ The overhauled organization currently delighted in a flexible establishment for forming this inquiry into a way of life, one in which watchers would leave on an ethereal excursion, regardless of whether they were promptly mindful of it or not, participating in presentations by the very premise of their viewership. The capacity to adjust both spatial and visual upgrades while incorporating a specialists exceptional vision and significance empowered a social discourse which turned out to be significantly more considerable than that of a basic wander through some time work space with painted imperfections hung at eye level. Werner (2005) offers a nostalgic point of view of customary foundations as structures intended to safeguard the social capital of a quickly advancing populace; and from these preservation strategies, move grant and taught debate.[7] Yet it was the absence of discussion, the constraints which intoxicated the imaginative network in the pioneer time that developed to stir these members during the unrest of postmodernism. However there is no avoidance of authentic setting, and the cliché solid shape waits as unmistakably as present day structures themselves possess social import. However, though the cubist idea of authentic foundations keeps on plaguing famous basic conclusion, perceiving the benefits of craftsmanship over the natural factors, transformative scholars, for example, Zaha Hadid note that it is the actuation of cooperation inside a show which decides the enthusiastic reaction evoked from the viewer.[8] Should the four walled holder be repeated room after room all things considered in numerous situations, there is constrained investment and an absence of intelligence, thusly, limiting the connection among guest and craftsman. Thus, factor points and boundless viewpoint can likewise bring down the craftsmanship itself, consequently making the foundation a basic degenerate and beating the imaginative significance through tasteless engineering. There is a harmony among structure and deconstr uction in spaces, one which isn't promptly intuited and is as imperative to the benefits of the craftsmanship as the nature of the artistââ¬â¢s medium. Combinative significance speaks to the vital advances taken to guarantee that watchers are socially and outwardly invigorated in their institutional excursion; and as worldwide development widens the extent of investment, the compositional structure assumes a private job in experiential impact. There is a hidden discussion which sadly covers the benefits of institutional cooperation, consigning their job to that of a corporate adulterer, a by-day road troller looking for money related prize for particular encounters. By Wernerââ¬â¢s (2005) discernment, the worth premise of the foundation itself is established on the connection between social total assets and capital economy.[9] Therefore, should the general population see works of art to be important, their availability with capital sponsorship to help this conviction should organize with their credited advantages. The historical center deciphers mainstream society, sets up outlines of apparent portrayal, and afterward shows relics to help a burning and recognizing guest base who feels an intrinsic draw towards their now suitably seeded social contribution. However inside this charitable vision, there is a limiter excited by the idea of the engineering esteem itself. So as to fittingly valuate a specific artistââ¬â¢s work, the remotely inferred estimation of the foundation ought to be added to the socially characterized valuation. Along these lines, thought for structure and aestheticism are combined with cultural and entrepreneur esteem structures personally joining craftsman and foundation. The inquiry which is then raised is whether the estimation of the workmanship or the estimation of the establishment is prevalent, and in what direction can on edge pundits attribute a numerical quality to social adages? The idea of commodification inside the post-pioneer society is one in which self-recognizable proof through methods for way of life adjustment turns out to be enormously improved, nearly to the point of strict zeal.[10] As historical center customer base moved developed from the elitist bourgeoisie to an a lot more extensive base of participant, characterizing establishments as far as desire turned into a substantially more troublesome assignment. In proceeding with the inheritance of ruling social hypothesis, the caretaker and his group keep on holding duty regarding affecting precisely what this self-distinguishing proof involves, marching their apparent qualities by method of imaginative establishment. Ruskin and his innovator goals reminded that society must control itself through consideration regarding inborn qualities and anticipation of this capacity ought to be fixed a Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-51076633426049800112020-08-21T15:52:00.001-07:002020-08-21T15:52:15.254-07:00Operations Management of Supermarket Retail ShopsTasks Management of Supermarket Retail Shops Tasks are an essential movement for a general store retail business. In that capacity, a business that needs to be fruitful necessities to have a main working model. Staff assumes significant job in this model. It is important to put a continued concentration upon how to grow best operational staff to guarantee the general store industry is fit to grasp the critical future advancements that are required and to exceed expectations in client assistance (Sramek, Mentzer Stank, 2008). According to Martyn (2010), activities must be seen with the suitable degree of significance, in order to help a desire to make a world-class working condition, which comprises of individuals, procedure, innovation and association. A decent operational group staffed by great operational people can make an upper hand, keeping clients fulfilled, having an organization that is productively, monetarily and successfully run, and making a band of faithful and submitted workers (Foster Jeffrey, 2008). It merits be ing goal-oriented for the activities work and the related staff it will have any kind of effect to the business As indicated by Willis (1998), operational administration is the deliberate administration and control of procedures that change assets into completed items and administrations. The activity incorporates support for a critical extent of the workforce and material resources in many associations. Chiefs are engaged with each progression in the tasks. They figure out what sort of hardware, work, apparatuses, gear, materials, vitality and data must go into the working framework and how these materials can be the most ideal approach and use to address the issues of the market (Banker and Khosla, 1995). Supervisors are liable for basic exercises, for example, quality administration and checking, scope quantification, materials the board, buying and arranging (Goodale and et al. 2010). Without the help of staff, these exercises can't be effective. Tasks the executives is additionally known for creation and limit the board and activities the executives zone is a multidiscipline that centers around activities of the association (Lashley Taylor, 1998). Schniederjans Cao (2009) states that OM incorporates numerous choices, for example, the size of tasks, including administrations choice with respect to the structure, arranging, and dealing with various variables that influence the activity. (Shin Collier, 2000). Tasks Manager needs to apply the thoughts and innovation to build efficiency and lessen costs, increment adaptability to react rapidly to changing client needs, abbreviate conveyance times, improve item quality, and improve client care. These are the significant regions to be dealt with for the accomplishment of an organization or a branch. There has been sensational increment in the significance of activities the executives. Noteworthy outside rivalry, shorter item and administration life-cycles, better-instructed and quality-cognizant shoppers, and the abilities of new innovation have put expanding pressures on the tasks capacity to improve profitability while giving a more extensive exhibit of great items and administrations (Williams Anderson, 2008). With the globalization of business sectors, firms are perceiving that the tasks capacity can be utilized to fortify their situation in the commercial center. Administrators in tasks the executives play a vital and strategic job in fulfilling client needs and making their organizations solid worldwide contenders. Associations ought to follow the opposition. On the off chance that a representative is away from work or not focusing, at that point the organization will lose clients and its rivals can accept this open door, the organization can lose its ubiquity and gainfulness. For picking up productivity quality is the way to progress and which is a successful treatment, particularly for consistent improvement (Soteriou Chase, 1998). Great client assistance is basic to the accomplishment of any business. Authorities must be observed consistently, on the off chance that they offer a decent client care or not, so they can all the more likely perform and can exceed expectations in client assistance and their work ought to be surveyed often. It requires some investment to truly exceed expectations in client care, yet this capacity can be educated with legitimate preparing. Representatives should leave the terrible demeanor, family issues and individual issues at the entryway. By and large, clients won't see the proprietor or the executives f the organization. Rather, they see that the client support and this is the means by which they judge the entire business. Workers are the reflection of the organization so the representatives should show their best administrations through their great demeanor. Workers should earnestly invite each client with a grin, they are significant. A participatory administration and collaboration are significant segments of effective activities (Hays Hill, 2006). Inspiration, administration and preparing are fundamental as well. Moreover, materials the board and quality, these are two significant zones. Materials the executives is getting progressively significant in numerous associations as the expense of buying materials is over half of the absolute cost items (Shin Collier, 2000). Quality administration projects and quality items are fundamental to contend in todays business condition. The market retail branch staff ought to have the characteristics to win the core of the clients by their administrations. For exceeding expectations in client care representatives ought to consider that clients are difficult to manage however on the off chance that workers have the persistence and the relationship building abilities to conquer that, it would be simpler for them to exceed expectations in it (Sramek, Mentzer Stank, 2008). Maybe the most basic thing the representatives ought to consistently recollect when on a client care work is to keep an inspirational disposition. For example, in the event that one works at a call community, the main thing the representative ought to anticipate from a call from online is an eruption of furious clients (Soteriou Chase, 1998). Albeit some of the time this may not be the situation yet it is better on the off chance that one is plan for it. To build up that wonderful and loosened up disposition, it is ideal to grin regardless of whether one is just on the telephone. The activity of grinning naturally cushions the upheavals you will get from your customer. O n account of working in a retail business, grinning will go far with the clients. At the point when the clients are welcomed with a well disposed face, they will begin to give their advantage. The following thing the representative must recollect is the means by which to react when they come into contact with clients. For a retail client care, representative doesn't chase after the clients when they come into the store (Hays Hill, 2006). This is a typical misstep made by the store client assistance staff. Workers must make it feasible for clients to have the opportunity to investigate the item without following behind him. They should let them stroll around and look at the merchandise. At the point when they are prepared to pose inquiries, they converse with workers. Representative must follow them in the event that they appear to ask, is the sign for the workers can go up to them and ask how they can get them out (Sramek, Mentzer Stank, 2008). This will bring about having great notoriety in the market. The working activities can yield more than they would work alone as the association has created modern frameworks and gear that expansion laborer efficiency (Horvathova, 2010). The organization additionally gives instruction and preparing to their workforce to build their insight and improve their abilities. Because of upgrades in profitability and improved preparing, more yields are created and the way of life increment for all. Representatives should consider clients people. In the event that they suspect as much, they understand that their business is their clients, not their items or administrations. Put all the consideration for products in shops, or organizations offering their administrations, leaving the most significant segment: every individual client. For good client support, workers must go the additional mile. They ought to incorporate a card to say thanks to the bundle to a client, send a welcome card, cut articles, and compose a note of congrats when they get an advanc ement (Martyn, 2010). There are numerous ways for representatives to keep in contact with clients and make them closer. A compelling tasks technique can give an upper hand. Chiefs must reexamine a large number of the essential standards of good directors of tasks who worked previously (Schniederjans Cao, 2009). Organizations ought to embrace a system for development that fits the particular needs of the association by then. Relegating a group to play out an assignment may not generally be the best thought. At times it is smarter to permit a person to work alone. Encourage Jeffrey (2008) accept that the fundamental motivation behind Operations Management is to design, sort out, direct, and control the way toward uniting individuals, gear, materials, and strategies to achieve a wide scope of operational undertakings delineated underneath in the most savvy way. The supervisor of the branch ought to see how individuals think and act as needs be to persuade laborers by making an agreeable working environment. Legitimate administration of the activities work has prompted accomplishment for some organizations. For instance, in 1994 Dell Inc. was a second-level PC producer that dealt with its activities like others in the business (Schniederjans Cao, 2009). At that point Dell executed another plan of action that totally changed the job of its activities work. Dell grew new and creative methods of dealing with the tasks work that have gotten one of two-days best practices. These progressions empowered Dell to give fast item conveyance of redid items to clients at a lower cost, and in this way become an industry chief. As change is the law of the nature, the tasks of the market retail branch ought to be adaptable with the goal that they can adjust the adjustments later on. For activities the board to be effective, it must include an incentive during the change proce Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-42996265938588061282020-06-08T19:42:00.001-07:002020-06-08T19:42:02.265-07:00Microsoft Access Assignment Essay - 10450 WordsMicrosoft Access Assignment (Essay Sample) Content: Studentà ¢Ã¢â ¬s NameProfessorà ¢Ã¢â ¬s NameCourse CodeDateMicrosoft Access AssignmentQuestion 1I created relationships between all the related fields in the six tables.Question 2The information obtained from the query is as follows:Products Query ProductName CompanyName Quantity Discount ShippedDate Sir Rodney's Scones Specialty Biscuits, Ltd. 40 15.00% 1/16/2013 Sir Rodney's Scones Specialty Biscuits, Ltd. 40 25.00% 1/19/2013 Nord-Ost Matjeshering Nord-Ost-Fisch Handelsgesellschaft mbH 28 25.00% 1/19/2013 PÃÆ'à ¢tÃÆ' chinois Ma Maison 60 25.00% 1/19/2013 Gnocchi di nonna Alice Pasta Buttini s.r.l. 30 20.00% 1/23/2013 PÃÆ'à ¢tÃÆ' chinois Ma Maison 30 15.00% 1/27/2013 Chef Anton's Cajun Seasoning New Orleans Cajun Delights 30 25.00% 1/28/2013 Geitost Norske Meierier 40 25.00% 1/28/2013 Question ThreeThe information obtained from the query is as follows:Second Query Company Name Contact Name ProductName UnitPrice ProductCost OrderDate Freight TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Uncle Bob's Organic Dried Pears $30.00 $22.50 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Northwoods Cranberry Sauce $40.00 $28.75 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Mishi Kobe Niku $97.00 $65.00 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Ikura $31.00 $30.00 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Queso Manchego La Pastora $38.00 $22.75 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Alice Mutton $39.00 $20.70 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Carnarvon Tigers $62.50 $48.75 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Sir Rodney's Marmalade $81.00 $58.80 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues GumbÃÆ'r GummibÃÆ'rchen $31.23 $22.80 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Schoggi Schokolade $43.90 $22.89 4/2 8/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues RÃÆ'ssle Sauerkraut $45.60 $32.50 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues ThÃÆ'à ¼ringer Rostbratwurst $123.79 $82.50 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Nord-Ost Matjeshering $25.89 $12.20 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Mascarpone Fabioli $32.00 $14.40 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Gravad lax $26.00 $25.51 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues CÃÆ'à ´te de Blaye $263.50 $263.01 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Ipoh Coffee $46.00 $45.51 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Manjimup Dried Apples $53.00 $52.51 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Perth Pasties $32.80 $32.31 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Gnocchi di nonna A lice $38.00 $37.51 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Raclette Courdavault $55.00 $54.51 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Camembert Pierrot $34.00 $33.51 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Sirop d'ÃÆ'rable $28.50 $28.01 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Tarte au sucre $49.30 $48.81 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Vegie-spread $43.90 $43.41 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Wimmers gute SemmelknÃÆ'del $33.25 $32.76 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Gudbrandsdalsost $36.00 $35.51 4/28/2012 $76.10 TradiÃÆ'ÃÆ'à £o Hipermercados Anabela Domingues Mozzarella di Giovanni $34.80 $34.31 4/28/2012 $76.10 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Uncle Bob's Organic Dried Pears $30.00 $22.50 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Northwoods Cranberry Sauce $40.00 $28.75 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Mishi Kobe Niku $97.00 $65.00 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Ikura $31.00 $30.00 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Queso Manchego La Pastora $38.00 $22.75 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Alice Mutton $39.00 $20.70 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Carnarvon Tigers $62.50 $48.75 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Sir Rodney's Marmalade $81.00 $58.80 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley GumbÃÆ'r GummibÃÆ'rchen $31.23 $22.80 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Schoggi Schokolade $43.90 $22.89 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley RÃÆ'ssle Sauerkraut $45.60 $32.50 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley ThÃÆ'à ¼ringer Rostbratwurst $123.79 $82.50 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Nord-Ost Matjeshering $25.89 $12.20 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Ma scarpone Fabioli $32.00 $14.40 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Gravad lax $26.00 $25.51 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley CÃÆ'à ´te de Blaye $263.50 $263.01 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Ipoh Coffee $46.00 $45.51 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Manjimup Dried Apples $53.00 $52.51 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Perth Pasties $32.80 $32.31 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Gnocchi di nonna Alice $38.00 $37.51 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Raclette Courdavault $55.00 $54.51 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en stock Mary Saveley Camembert Pierrot $34.00 $33.51 5/1/2012 $53.05 Victuailles en 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Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-51524685730497781702020-05-17T10:35:00.001-07:002020-05-17T10:35:11.906-07:00Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business Americas... From the period of 1870 to 1900, the United States became one of the worlds strongest and growing industrial nations. An industrial revolution that had begun with the manufacture of cotton and woolen textiles had, by the beginning of the 20th, transformed the production of most everyday goods. Ranging from food, clothing, appliances, and automobiles, the enormous output of industrial production led to the rise of big business as it coordinated methods of distribution and sales to forge an infrastructure for consumer culture. The rise of corporations, such as Carnegie Steel, J.P. Morgan, and Standard Oil, in the late 1800s, was able to dramatically shape the country politically, socially, and economically and even continues to doâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Another move consisted of loosening control on merger and acquisitions and they abolished the rule that one company could not own stock in another. Soon the rest of the country, not wanting to lose out in the competition for the incorporation business, soon followed their examples with revisions to their own laws. With flexible freedoms and powers now available, there was a large amount of incorporations by businesses. However, with all the constraints on mergers and acquisitions gone, it was only a matter of time before companies bought each other out. 1,800 corporations were consolidated into 157 between 1898 and 1904. In less than a decade the U.S. economy had been transformed from one in which individually owned enterprises competed freely among themselves into one dominated by a relatively few huge corporations, each owned by many shareholders (Bakan 14). The era of corporate capitalism had begun with all those consolidations and mergers. With the economy dominated by a few huge corporations, we find ourselves looking at the development of monopolies, development the states started by limiting the set laws. With the growing capitalism pressuring politicians, a bizarre law was passed by the Supreme Court in 1886. The courts had fully transformed the corporation into a person, complete with its own identity, separate from the actual people who were its owners and managers, like a real person, to conduct business in its own name, acquireShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words à |à 656 Pagesthan standard but arbitrary chronological break points. In the decades that followed the Great War, the victorious European powers appeared to have restored, even expanded, their global political and economic preeminence only to see it eclipsed by the emergence of the Soviet and U.S. superpowers on their periphery and a second round of even more devastating global conflict. The bifurcated international system that resulted from the cold war standoff extended the retreat of globalization, but nurturedRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words à |à 269 PagesManagement Culture, Strategy, and Behavior Eighth Edition Fred Luthans University of Nebraskaââ¬âLincoln Jonathan P. Doh Villanova University INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: CULTURE, STRATEGY, AND BEHAVIOR, EIGHTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright à © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions à © 2009, 2006, and 2003. No part of this publication may be reproduced Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-53060978996256109272020-05-06T19:11:00.001-07:002020-05-06T19:11:05.737-07:00Research And Profile Of Wal Mart, Inc. - 2006 Words Financial accounting reports, to include balance sheets and income statements provide accountants and the general public a snap shot of a companyââ¬â¢s overall financial condition and possibly their future financial position. This financial information is very important to business owners, executive managers, private investors and employees. The information contained in a companyââ¬â¢s financial report has several important uses. Managers and senior leaders of a business can take extrapolated financial data from the income statement which details monthly earnings as well as the companyââ¬â¢s liabilities and equity position. This information can then be used to analyze and forecast future annual budgets. Additionally information obtained in these multiple types of reports can also be used to proactively predict trends that may have a negative financial impact on companyââ¬â¢s future operations. On another note a companyââ¬â¢s financial reports are used by lending instit utions to determine their ability to receive and repay loans used to finance business operations. I looked at many different companies to research when I reviewed the final week five paper requirements. I decided to research and profile Wal-Mart, Inc., as I spend much of my monthly food allowance at Wal-Mart personally, and would like to see and understand just how financially stable this company appears on paper. As I analyze Wal-Martââ¬â¢s financial data I will illustrate and explain the importance of the horizontal analysisShow MoreRelatedNetflix : A Case Study By Sayan C.e. Carroll And David Spencer1519 Words à |à 7 Pages NETFLIX A summary of the case study by Sayan C.E. Carroll and David Spencer Introduction In late February 2005, Netflix, the pioneer of the video rental business, faced a threat when Wal-Mart and Blockbuster attempted to copy their business model by launching their own online DVD rental service. The Netflix business model provided an online library of DVD titles that could be selected and rented by monthly subscribers. 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Submitted to the Teesside University For fulfillment of the Assignment on Cross-Culture Management By MIDHUN JOSE Student Number: J9185582 Abstract Wal-Mart, the biggest retailer in the world, started its globalization with nine countries in Asia, Europe and South America. With its attempt to penetrate hypermarket culture in every country which it enters, many severe problems come into picture. In 1997 Wal-Mart continued its strategy ofRead MoreWal-mart case analysis. This paper includes SWOT/TOWS analysis, PEST analysis, environemental scan and strategic analysis.5493 Words à |à 22 PagesCURRENT PERFORMANCE Wal-Mart is the worlds number 1 retailer, with more than 4,800 stores, including 1,475 discount stores, 1,750 combination discount and grocery stores (Wal-Mart Supercenters in the US and ASDA in the UK) and 540 warehouse stores (SAMs Club). Nearly 75% of its stores are in the US, but Wal-Mart is expanding internationally. Wal-Mart is the number 1 retail in Canada and Mexico. The company also owns nearly 38% of Japanese supermarket chain SEIYU. Wal-Mart generated a solid performanceRead MoreThe Wal Mart Essay1768 Words à |à 8 PagesSam Walton is the originator of the Wal-Mart Stores in 1962. It has its central command situated in Bentonville Arkansas. Wal-Mart Store is an American ââ¬â universal retail organization, that runs vast stockroom and departmental stores. It is positioned as the biggest private manager around the world, having utilized more than two million individuals. It is situated in more than 50 states in America. The organization s administrations are offered in around 15 nations around the world. It has aroundRead MoreCorporate Research : Wal Mart3661 Words à |à 15 PagesCorporate Research Paper Wal-Mart Linglan Gu Introduction Risk management and offshore borrowing are some of the activities undertaken by multinational companies to help seal loopholes of foreign exchange risk. Moreover, these multinational corporations have stringent risk management policies used to create efficiency and a concise administration in all financial operations. Investment in foreign countries is also a means through which multinational companies reduce currency risk that Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-82084651490207734862020-05-06T00:47:00.001-07:002020-05-06T00:47:11.287-07:00Challenges of hr prospects free essay sample Abstract Human resource element works towards the Vision, Mission and Goals of an organization. The three roles of HRM in any organization are transactional, transformational, and transitional. The challenges faced by human resource managers in India are naturally evolving with the ever-transforming scenario in corporate India. Some of the major challenges which HR faces in India today are discussed hereunder. Key words: Challenges, Human Resource, Talent, changes. Introduction Human resources are the life blood of an organization. Despite the application of technology in modern business management, human resources are still relevant and most adaptive resources of the organization. The essential attribute of HR assist the enterprise to make rightful decisions and respond effectively to the threats and opportunities within the environment of the organization. Thus the enterprise depends highly on its HR for success and survival. The management of HR is complex and problematic because the individuals as workers hardly adapt or voluntarily embrace the objectives of the organization. As individuals, the employees have needs, aspirations, motivations, desires and interests which influence their behaviour at work. Human Resources Management and Planning are useful tools employed in harmonizing the needs of the employees with the goals and objectives of the organization on a continuous basis. The Challenges of Human Resource Management in a Globalised Economy The competitive pressures faced by the modern day enterprise for survival and success due to globalization and liberalization will continue to create room for future demand for organisational excellence. The new, global, complex, and often chaotic world of the Multi- national Enterprises requires a new strategic focus and new capabilities from HR just as it does from other management functions. Todayââ¬â¢s top 10 Human Resource Management Challenges Due to the fluctuating economy as well as local and global advancements, there are many changes occurring rapidly that affect HR in a wide range of issues. In the Survey of Global HR Challenges: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, disclosed the following top 10 human resource management challenges: Challenges % of Companies 1. Change management 48% 2. Leadership development 35% 3. HR effectiveness measurement 27% 4. Organizational effectiveness 25% 5. Compensation 24% 6. Staffing: Recruitment and availability of skilled local labor 24% 7. Succession planning 20% 8. Learning and development 19% 9. Staffing: Retention 16% 10. Benefits costs: Health welfare 13% Facing Modern HR Challenges Head on: The proliferation of technology and changes in the business environment have increased the importance of human resources in the modern world. The major challenges facing human resources arise from this elevation of human resource activities to a core strategic function. Managing Globalization It is important for an HR Manager to study people management practices before implementing new practices which are global in nature. It has become a challenge for the HR to educate its workforce on how globalization can be leveraged and how an individual employee benefits or is affected by it. Instead of thrusting new practices upon them, it is ideal to study the existing practices which are in place. Developing Leadership Skills It is not just about knowledge, experience and expertise it is also about developing the right soft skills to give shape to the future leaders. Since the global economic and industrial scenario is very volatile and dynamic, what is required now is a skill set in the workforce which distinguishes them as team leaders. Finding and Retaining Talent The primary challenge facing human resource is to have the right people ready at the right time at the right place. The human resources of an enterprise, hitherto considered as just another resource such as land or capital, are now the key differentiator among firms, and as such the most critical source of competitive advantage. The increased competitiveness among firms ensures that finding new ways to increase the level of talent in the organization remains the key challenge facing human resources. Retaining existing talent is easier than hiring new employees. Possible interventions include custom-made compensation packages and fringe benefits, job enrichment, autonomy, better working conditions, and more. Ensuring Employee FIT Ways to ensure employee-organization fit include selecting employees based on the ability to do the job hiring employees who value teamwork and who can work with other employees hiring employees whose personal values and outlook match organizational values and culture Firms have 7. 5 percent higher revenue growth, 6. 1 percent higher profit growth, and 17. 1 percent lower turnover compared to firms that do not adopt this strategy. Ensuring Employee Competence The dimensions of HR challenges in this regard include: Understanding the employeeââ¬â¢s innate skills and competencies and providing employees with opportunities to apply these skills for the benefit of the organization Skill enhancement of the workforce to promote adaptability, resilience, and agility Adopting a market driven approach. Adopting a Bottom -Line Oriented Approach Another major challenge facing human resources is to integrate its functional activities with the companyââ¬â¢s strategic goals. This entails taking a bottom-line oriented approach while making decisions or framing policy. The key role of human resources in overcoming such challenge includes: Devising and implementing various motivational approaches, heralding a shift from performance-oriented pay to results-oriented remuneration or gain-sharing. Changing employee mindset from a process-oriented approach to a customer-oriented approach. Initiatives such as Total Quality Management, Six Sigma, and the like play a major role in this regard. Managing Diversity Managing diversity ranks among the most underestimated challenges confronting human resource. The dimensions of workplace diversity include age, ethnicity, gender, physical abilities, race, sexual orientation, educational background, geographic location, income, marital status, religious beliefs, parental status, and experience. A key challenge facing human resources is to manage and retain such diverse talent. The dimensions of workforce diversity challenge include: Reconciling the corporate culture to accommodate diversity and individual sensitivities Thinking globally and acting locally, by being responsive to the culture of the region, adapting to the societal requirements of host societies, and complying with local labor legislations. Managing Change Change is the only constant in todayââ¬â¢s business environment, forcing organizations to keep pace with such changes constantly and rapidly to exploit new opportunities. Change takes the shape of organizational restructuring, mergers and acquisitions, right sizing, implementing outsourcing, providing telecommuting opportunities for employees, and the like. Focused change intervention increases productivity, improves organizational communications, improves process efficiency, improve quality, and raises employee morale. The challenges related to change for human resource management include: Helping employees overcome resistance to change by convincing them about the bigger picture Provide leadership for the change processes Ensuring stability of systems and processes during the change process Equipping employees to deal with the changed realities. Conclusion The role of the HR manager must parallel the needs of the changing organization. Successful organizations are becoming more adaptable, resilient, quick to change directions, and customer-centered. Within this environment, the HR professional must learn how to manage effectively through planning, organizing, leading and controlling the human resource and be knowledgeable of emerging trends in training and employee development. References Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-33593042947716493742020-04-20T19:25:00.001-07:002020-04-20T19:25:03.214-07:00Life Is a Smorgasbord Summary The narrator of this article avoided making early decisions in life because of his fear of failure. The decisions that he had made were not very fulfilling. He claims his life is like an enormous menu that does not offer a sampler plate. He says he cannot make an order of fear, saying that his stomach might be filled and never get a chance of tasting other things on the menu. He therefore prefers side orders that are never satisfying.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Life Is a Smorgasbord specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the narrator affirms that he has learned the trick, which is to make assured choices that are varied but sufficient to fulfill his desires in life. He points that there is no adequate time in oneââ¬â¢s life to experience even a fraction of all the incidences on the Earth, hence the need to make decisions on time. According to him, there is a need to make few choices on the menu that he can really enjoy and commit to so that when he passes on, he will have lived a fulfilled life. Essay Just like a hotel menu that has different delicacies listed, some expensive and some quite affordable, life offers things that we may or may not afford. However, the kind of life one leads largely depends on the decisions one makes. Some live unfulfilled lives because they make mistakes in their decisions or they live a life that is not theirs. It is important for an individual to live his or her life. We are the sole makers or breakers of our lives. Therefore, when we are making decisions pertaining to our life, sobriety is a virtue of great essence. This is because one wrong decision made may have long term undesirable effects on oneââ¬â¢s life and worst still could cost one his or her life. Any decision we make shapes our life because we consciously or unconsciously follow it. For instance, a frustrated jobless father who cannot cater for his family may decide to seek solace in alcoholism. Such a decision could frustrate him even more because the person may not have logically analyzed the negative and positive aspects associated with that choice. In order to make a precise decision of what is important in oneââ¬â¢s life is an explicit process that has various steps to be followed. First and foremost, we must realize the power that decisions wield in our lives. One decision made elicits a chain of actions. When one decides to drink a bottle of beer, the decision may lead to the person taking another and before one realizes he or she has become an alcoholic. Therefore the first decision will always be critical and determines the expected outcomes in a personââ¬â¢s life. The next step is setting your priorities right. We should start from the most basic needs all the way to basic wants. For instance, when one is faced with a dilemma of either pursuing a masterââ¬â¢s degree or buying a car, such a tight spot calls for rational decision makin g. Based on facts, one should be able to decide what is more important. If the focus is on building a career for oneself, the best option should be furthering education.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another important step involves timely decision making. Many a time we consume too many resources before making a conclusive decision simply because we are uncertain and fear what may happen afterwards. We therefore end up in a rigorous exercise of evaluating pros and cons, cautious planning and extensive consultation. This course of action consumes a lot of time and in the end we may never make the decision or it maybe too late. One should learn to follow the gut instinct when making a decision. This will most likely make one to have confidence in the decision making process compared to a person who dwells all day planning to make a decision. Moreover, one should learn from his/her pa st experience. It is worth noting that sometimes mistakes are inevitable when making a decision however, instead of cursing oneself it is important to learn from the mistake. So that in future you can make proper and sound decisions free of mistakes. Also in determining what is important in our menu of life, one should have a flexible approach. For example, if one decides to acquire a house for the family, it is good to decide which option is the best. One may decide to either engage construction workers to build it or buy a ready one by mortgage. More important is that one should be objective when making a decision. For example, in choosing a career to pursue one should decide what course to undertake in college, based on oneââ¬â¢s ability and aspirations. One ought to avoid extrinsic influences that may derail him or her from achieving oneââ¬â¢s ambitions in life. These influences include pressure from parents to pursue a course that one does not desire. The choice one makes should be influenced by oneââ¬â¢s decision. It would be irrational to make a choice without deciding what you want. For instance, people end up losing lots of money through impulse buying simply because they never planned on what they wanted to buy. Some people also end up in miserable relationships or marriages due to the fact that they never took time to choose their life partners. In addition, it is advisable to make some savings for a rainy day. Life is not always smooth; it has ups and downs. Bottom line is, if one is to live a fulfilled life, critical and timely decision making should influence the choices that one makes in life. It is also important to make certain choices that one is capable of fulfilling rather many choices that one cannot commit to. The prime factor is to always follow your instincts and listening to your heart when making key decisions in life. This essay on Life Is a Smorgasbord was written and submitted by user Ezekiel V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-84115413772828215382020-03-15T20:14:00.001-07:002020-03-15T20:14:03.198-07:00Marlowes Presentation of Mephistopheles EssaysMarlowes Presentation of Mephistopheles Essays Marlowes Presentation of Mephistopheles Paper Marlowes Presentation of Mephistopheles Paper Marlowe portrays ten Idea that Mephistopheles is trapped by Lucifer (and hell) and that he will never reach beyond them both. Through using this apostrophe, we also gain a sense of the gothic element of eternity- Mephistopheles will never be free of his suffering. Mephistopheles, further on in the play, emphasizes this idea and describes hell as Where we are tortured and remain forever Hell hath no limits and issues yet another striking warning to Faustus -which he chooses to ignore- whilst Marlowe continues to blur this life and the afterlife with his descriptions of Faustus inevitable fate. Some critics have considered Mephistopheles to be warning Faustus, O Faustus, leave this frivolous demands, which strike a terror to my fainting soul and hush consider Marlowe to be portraying him as a friend who is himself struck at the thought of Faustus suffering the same fate as he. Later on in the play, when Mephistopheles returns from Lucifer, he honestly tells Faustus that, as with ambitious earthly monarchs, Lucifer aim is territorial expansion and warns Faustus that he will receive more than he bargained for. The idea of Mephistopheles striking friendship, which on the surface appears genuine, is also explored when Faustus requests a wife. However, Mephistopheles cannot oblige and tries to put him off l Ritchie, talk not of a wife. In the sixteenth century, there were no civil marriages and so the word Wife carried with it the association of the Church and holy matrimony. He instead substitutes a devil dressed like a woman, with fireworks and by doing this it could be suggested that he is warning Faustus that he will be denied the blessing of a lifetime companion and only have superficial relationships with courtesans if he embarks upon a deal with Lucifer. We can also gain a sense of friendship from Faustus view, he refers to Mephistopheles as sweet and although this is can be noninsured to be an oxymoron, Faustus is consistently clear about his portrayal of Mephistopheles. On numerous occasions he seeks comfort in Mephistopheles, When Mephistopheles shall stand by me, what God can hurt thee Faustus? ND in both this example and Faustus final words Ah! Mephistopheles, strikingly, one finds that Faustus is only able to renounce God and accept his fate, when Mephistopheles is there to guide him. This interpretation, however, can also be understood in terms of Mephistopheles and his striking devilish characteristics and thus him being a manipulative temp ter. This supports the idea that the play is written in the form of a morality play which were popular in England around the late Middle Ages and which told stories about the progress of the soul and humanity relationship with virtue and temptation. As Faustus experiences the staying of blood when he attempts to sign his contract with Lucifer, it is Mephistopheles who brings a chafer of coals to liquefy the blood once more. He even goes on to state O what will not I do to obtain his soul? Which suggests both desperation and deceit. When Faustus consequently species a diving message Homologue, Mephistopheles distracts him from repentance and tempts Faustus with political power, symbolized by crowns, and wealth and luxury, symbolized by rich apparel. It also is interesting that once Faustus has signed the contract, Mephistopheles contradicts his earlier descriptions of heaven and tries to reassure Faustus that heaven is not such a glorious thing as he imagines in an attempt to stop him from repenting. Although Faustus wants to learn by experience, and asks to see Rome, Mephistopheles distracts him by suggesting some fun at the popes expense- justly corrupting Faustus Teller Telling. I Nils travel Detonator pushes Faustus to believe that he is too far gone for forgiveness from God and thus further exemplifies the striking, manipulative characteristic within Mephistopheles. He also urges Faustus to commit the ultimate sin (suicide) by handing him a dagger in hopes that he will die and so put himself beyond hope of salvation. It is actions like these which seem to contradict any ideas of friendship between the two characters, however, because Mephistopheles is influenced ultimately by Lucifer, Marlowe may eve been trying to suggest that if Mephistopheles werent so corrupt and tortured by hell, he would maintain his previous attitude and continue to warn Faustus. This can also be supported by the idea that Faustus was condemned from the very beginning of the play. When Mephistopheles does warn Faustus of hell, Marlowe uses anaphora and repeats the words me and l when describing all of the things he will do with his new powers. This shows Faustus to completely disregard Mephistopheles warning (despite no manipulation from Mephistopheles) and the responding sentence structure in a sequence of clauses shows Faustus to be gushing and completely, selfishly caught up by the gothic element of being driven by some all-consuming passion. Marlowe further developed this idea by using references to the sin gluttony, for example words such as sweet, glutted and surfeits. This serves to give the impression of a gorged renaissance ideal, which few people of the era were considered to be, and thus demonstrates to the audience that by knowing too much, one can lose their sense of Judgment- again making Faustus ate appear inevitable- for instance when he perceives the seven deadly sins to feed my soul and describes O how happy I were then as opposed to feeling repulsed and fearing them. Farm supported this idea and suggested that Mephistopheles appears because he senses in Faustus magical summons, that Faustus is already corrupt, that indeed he is already in danger to be damned nonetheless. And so, if Faustus is shown to be in danger to be damned nonetheless, Mephistopheles cannot be considered as a striking tempter; he was merely doing his Job. Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-82222241820924006132020-02-28T10:41:00.001-08:002020-02-28T10:41:02.792-08:00Economic Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsEconomic Theories - Essay Example His theories helped to establish the foundation to capitalism. Adam Smith postulated that markets were capable of regulating themselves without any external intervention. He introduced a new approach of measuring national wealth using income as opposed to the kingââ¬â¢s treasury (Derek, & Steven, 2003). According to him, income was a product of land, labor and capital, and that the income is divided among capitalists, laborers and landlords, in form of interest, rent and wages. Smithââ¬â¢s theory had some limitations, despite helping to revolutionize the economic thought at the time. David Ricardo identified the weaknesses of Smithââ¬â¢s theory and opted to rectify them and incorporate them in his own theory. Among the things he agreed with Smithââ¬â¢s theory include the use of income to measure a countryââ¬â¢s wealth. He also agreed with Smithââ¬â¢s view of free markets. He however built his economic thoughts on the three main factors of production; land, capital a nd labor, that had been identified by Smith (Derek, & Steven, 2003). Ricardo introduced other new ideas in his theory to build on Smithââ¬â¢s ideas. He for instance introduced the idea of international trade as the best way to help the local markets. He introduced the concept of comparative advantage in international trade. Comparative advantage suggests that countries only produce those products that they have a higher comparative advantage and import those which they cannot produce efficiently. b). Marxââ¬â¢s opposition to Capitalism Karl Marx was one of the most vocal thinkers to be opposed to Capitalism. He saw capitalism as just any other historical stage that would eventually end and be replaced by Socialism. According to Karl Marx, capitalism introduced classism in the society. The society was made up of the capitalists who were the land owners and owners of factories and the working class, whom provided labor in the lands and factories owned by the capitalists. He iden tified that these two main classes had differing interests that were the source of conflicts in the society. The capitalistsââ¬â¢ main objective is to get profit and increase their wealth through minimizing their costs, including offering low wages to their workers (Derek, & Steven, 2003). The working class on the other hand strives to maximize their wages. These two compete g interests will lead to conflicts in the society that would eventually lead to a decline in the capitalist system and create ground for socialism. Marx was opposed to the capitalist system because of the instability it would create in the society where the working class would be left dependant on the capitalists who owned massive resources. According to Marx, leaving wealth to a few private individuals would create imbalance in the society and preferred socialism which would take the wealth from individuals and eradicate classes and ensure equality of all people in the community. The labor theory of valu Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-2317528531637599572020-02-12T03:27:00.001-08:002020-02-12T03:27:02.690-08:00Critique of Academic Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsCritique of Academic Journal - Essay Example However, this diversity's gradual move into the normal corporate field has brought with it a few negative outcomes (Kelan 2009). It makes it harder to deal with instances of subtle discrimination against women (Calas and Smircich 2006). This diversity simply eliminates the more obvious types of gender discrimination while allowing the attitudes that support such practices to go unchallenged (Gill 2007). For instance, women are usually exempted from the networking that takes place among the men in the workplace, as well as from working on with the businessââ¬â¢s most prominent lawyers (Nentwich 2006). When women are confronted with such situations in an era that has actually had laws passed to support their functioning in the workplace, they are likely to think that they are the ones who are either too arrogant, or cold, and thus are not easy to approach for workplace friendships (Johns, Schmader and Martens 2005). They are not likely to suppose that the reason for their being left out of things is because they are women (Crump, Logan and McIlroy 2007). Critique Gender fatigue is constructive because it alerts the society that even with the existing laws and regulations that encourage women to work; women are still not treated in the same way as men in the workplace (Lewis 2006). For instance, in a recent research conducted in a business environment, it was established that male workers ignore what might appear to be gender discrimination because they equate their calmness in such instances with showing tolerance or acceptance (Bailyn 2003). Female workers, on the other hand, feel that if they work harder, they will be able to change the minds of sexist employers (Blau, Brinton and Grusky 2006). In such cases, it can be pointed out that ââ¬Ëgender fatigueââ¬â¢ is an appropriate explanation for such pusillanimous behavior on the part of workers (Ely, Meyerson and Davidson 2006).à Elizabeth Kelanââ¬â¢s article on gender fatigue appears to bring up a n authentic problem that might actually be one of the reasons contributing to the continuing inequality that women experience in the workplace. The fact that her survey participants indicated that they had heard of cases of discrimination showed that such cases still exist even in an era in which many people feel that the goals of women being permanently accepted in the workplace have been sufficiently addressed. The fact that the workers being surveyed mentioned that instances of gender discrimination usually happen in singular episodes and not as a whole also contributes toward the ââ¬Ëgender fatigueââ¬â¢ theory. If the incidences of discrimination against women happened in bulk, the opposition would have been more vocal. However, instances where some women are discriminated against and not others are not as visible and can cause doubts to arise when reported. à On the other hand, gender fatigue the article by Elisabeth Kelan on gender fatigue states that the workers that she used in her study were not only convinced that their companies were gender neutral, and were examined on merit. These contributors also quoted statistics on sexism from the previous one or two decades. This means that the situation may have changed in the last few years; and that if gender inequalities still exist, the Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-53344290268845839172020-01-31T16:03:00.001-08:002020-01-31T16:03:03.821-08:00Of Mice and Men Characters Review Essay Example for Free Of Mice and Men Characters Review Essay John Stienbeck was born in California in 1902. He went to University but could not afford to stay. After he left University he needed money to live so he done many jobs such as Waiter, Broke horses for the Army and he was also a Ranch Hand. In the end he wanted to be a writer so that he could highlight the conditions of the poor in America. In the 1930s America was suffering from depression. The change of climate in America meant that a lot of farming land was destroyed so farm owners employed migrant workers, which were paid very low wages and kept in very poor conditions. People were only employed when there was work on the farm. Most of the workers were solitary people with no homes or families. Loneliness plays a big part in this story. Stienbeck uses two main words in this story, Soledad and Solitaire. He uses these words because they both have something in common with loneliness. Solitaire is a one-player card game that all the ranch hands played. Soledad is the name of the main town in the story, the name means Lonely in Spanish. Throughout the story George always uses the quote guys like us are the loneliest guys in the world. Candy Candy is one of the lonely people in this story. He is old and disabled because he has only got one hand, this was due to an accident with a machine on the farm. Candys job is a swamper. A swamper is basically a cleaner, he tidies up the ranch. He does this job because no one else was prepared to do it, and because he is old and he needs money and somewhere to live. Candy will be doing this job until he cannot work no more due to his age, which will be very soon. Candy had a dog. The dog was old, smelly and on its way to the grave. The dog had no teeth so it could not eat and was very much like Candy. The dog was shot and Candy feels this will happen to him when he cannot work anymore. George has a travelling companion called Lennie, George and Lennies dream is to own a ranch. George tells Candy about his dream of owning the ranch. This changes Candys life because Candy believes that they will own a ranch of their own and be able to do what they want. He now had hope for the future and that he would live with his friends and have security and would die a happy man. Candy works for Curley who has a wife. Curleys wife is killed by Lennie. When Candy finds Curleys wife laying on the floor, he gets very angry and start swearing at her saying that she had ruined his life forever because Lennie will now be killed by Curley and this will mean that they will not be able to own their own ranch. When all the ranch workers leave Candy feels sorry for Curleys wife because she was lonely and was never able to go out anywhere and needed someone to talk. Candy says poor bastard because he feels sorry for her. Candys future now has been ruined because he is too old to work at the ranch and he will soon be sacked and will probably die a homeless man. Candy was put in the story to add a bit of variety among the characters. Crooks Crooks is another lonely person in the story. He is a coloured man living in a racist society and he is also disabled. His job is a Stable Buck, this is someone who looks after the horses and cleans out the stables. Crooks is treated very badly by the other ranch hands because he is coloured and the ranch hands are white. He is not allowed to go into the bunk house and he is not allowed to join in activities they do. They also make him sleep in the stable with the horses. Crooks has a very bad life in the story because he just stays in the stable and does not get to socialise with the other ranch hands. His room is just a small area in the stables with all his possession over the floor in his room unlike the ranch hands who have small boxes over their beds for their possessions. Crooks has many possessions such as magazines, a hairbrush, a flannel, soap and other small personal items. This shows that he is a very clean man and he taught himself how to read and write. When Lennie enters into Crooks room he acts very violently at first. Crooks says, you got no right to come in my room. This heres my room. Nobody got any right in here but me, later in the conversation Crooks starts confusing Lennie by saying things like spose George dont come back no more. Spose he took a powder and just aint coming back. Whatll you do then. This starts to upset Lennie. Crooks tells Lennie about his childhood. His childhood was remembered as him playing with white children when there was no racism in America, but his dad hated him playing with white children because in the end the white children would grow up hating black people. Crooks only has one dream in life and this is to live in a non-racist society, like when he was a child playing with the white children. When Lennie tells Crooks about his dream about the ranch, Crooks says your nuts. I see hundreds of men come by on the road and on the ranch with their bindles on their backs and that same damn thing in their heads. Nobody never gets to heaven and nobody never gets no land, its just in their head. When Curleys wife entered Crooks room he reacted in a very angry way because he did not like her. She always insulted them and Crooks had had enough of this, he says, I had enough. You got no right coming in a coloured mans room. Even after saying this Curleys wife threatened him, then Crooks just backed away and went silent. Now he has no future because he will just be living in a racist society, scared and lonely. I think Crooks was put in this novel to add a glimpse of racism in society. Curleys Wife Curleys wife is one of the loneliest people in this story. She wears long dresses, has long blonde hair, would always have her fingernails painted and would always eye up the ranch hands. This shows us that she is a slut. She does not have a name in this story because she does not have any independence and she is owned by Curley. Curleys wife is lonely because she has no one to talk to because Curley is always too busy, he has no time for her, every week he goes to the whorehouse, she does not love him and he does not love her. Curley treats her very badly; he has no respect for her. Her life on the ranch is very bad because she just stays at the ranch with no one to talk to. Most of the time she goes around the ranch looking for Curley but she is not really looking for him she just wants to chat to people. She had no respect from anyone, just like all women in the 1930s. The only reason she married Curley was to get away from her mum because her mum did not let her do her own thing. Curleys wifes dream was to get away from the ranch and be in the pictures or theatre. She once had the chance to do this but her mum stopped her going. In the end loneliness kills Curleys wife because as she had no one to talk to so she decided to talk to Lennie and this is what caused her death. I think Curleys wife was put in this novel to add a woman in the story as she was the only one in the story. The American Dream The American Dream meant a better life for George, Lennie and Candy because they would live on their own ranch and not have anything to worry about. The dream would also mean companionship for Candy because he would not be lonely anymore because he would have George and Lennie to be with. In the end no ones dreams come true because loneliness ruins their lives. Loneliness kills Curleys wife, it gives Candy no future or security and for Crooks it gives him no hope because he will always be living in a racist society. Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-56455702899990608312020-01-23T12:27:00.001-08:002020-01-23T12:27:03.004-08:00Carolina :: Essays PapersCarolina Carolina Arboleda was born in Columbia before moving to Greenwich six years ago. She moved to America along with her motherââ¬â¢s side of the family, while her father and his blood related family members remain in Columbia. Carolinaââ¬â¢s first impression of Greenwich was that it is a fairly boring town, with an absence of activities and places to go. She did however praise the good school system, and hoped to make the best of her new life. Family is very important to Carolina. She has a brother who is three years old and a sister who is fourteen years old. She gets along fairly well with her siblings, and spends quality time with her sister, usually going to movies or the library. Since her sister is significantly younger, they donââ¬â¢t associate with the same friends or go to parties together, but maintain a close relationship that she hopes will last a lifetime. Carolina thinks that living with only her mother and siblings brings their family closer as a whole, for everybody has to help out around the house and contribute to the familyââ¬â¢s general well being. In the absence of a job, Carolina spends her time with friends and doing schoolwork. She does not participate in any organized sports, but likes to play basketball and swim at a local park. She says that her mom has never pressured her into doing any sports or activities that she didnââ¬â¢t want to do, but does however support her in her schoolwork. Carolina prefers trips into New York City instead of staying in Greenwich on the weekends where she likes to hang out at video arcades, and go to dance clubs with friends. While stuck in Greenwich Carolina enjoys going to movies and occasionally hanging out at the library, reading and relaxing in the calm environment. Since she does not yet have a car Carolina relies on rides from her mother and friends to take her to school and other activities. Carolina is a senior at Greenwich High School, a place that plays a very significant role in her life, for it is where she spends most of her time, and it is her performance here, which will determine the next school that she attends. Generally, Carolina likes Greenwich High School, but thinks that it is too strict sometimes. She thinks that the closed-door policies are not needed and just causes a hassle for students in the morning. Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-49510646131807311502020-01-15T08:51:00.001-08:002020-01-15T08:51:03.064-08:00Csr FrameworkTheoretical Framework: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Definition CSR is a much broader concept than business ethics. Business ethics is the application of ethics and ethical theory to the decision of business. CSR claims that businesses are more than just profit-seeking entities and, therefore, also have any obligation to benefit society. CSR is about business and other organizations going beyond the legal obligation to manage the impact they have on the environment and society. In particular, this could include how organizations interact with their employees, suppliers, customers and the community in which they operate, as well as the extent they attempt to protect the environment. Nature According to Carrollââ¬â¢s four-part model, corporate social responsibility encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic expectations [placed on organizations by society at a given point in time. Motivation To be corporate social responsible, businesses must go beyond profit-making to be responsible for a variety of stakeholder groups other than focusing exclusively on investors. It is applicable to both large corporations and SMEs. The firm goes beyond compliance and engages in ââ¬Ëactions that appear to further some social good, belongs to the interests of the firm and that which is required by lawââ¬â¢. Outcome The outcome of CSR includes financial performance, corporate reputation ââ¬â brand & image, employee commitment, cost saving, customers, government, and competitiveness. Components There are six stakeholder groups considered as the most important influence factors in terms of corporationsââ¬â¢ social responsibility. They are shown as followings: Customer responsibility practices It demonstrates customer commitment by providing high quality service that includes complete information, responding to customer complaints, and adapting products and services to enhance customer satisfaction. Employee responsibility practices This element includes equitable employee selection, promotion, and compensation practices, supporting employee educational development, and helping employees attain work-family life balance. Investor responsibility practices It encompasses the factors related to seeking investor input on strategic decisions, responding to investor needs and requests, and providing all investors with a competitive return on their investment. Supplier responsibility practices It focuses on developing long-term collaborative supplier relationships founded on open communication and information sharing, cooperative goal- and decision-making, and offering suppliers price guarantees for the future. Community responsibility practices It demonstrates voluntary commitment to improve the quality of life in their local communities by giving resources to local charities, and sponsoring cultural, sports, and education programs. Environmental responsibilities It integrates environmental sustainability goals and objectives in organizational operations. It is typified by voluntarily exceeding government environmental regulations, implementing environmental management systems. Influence Factors There are two types of Influence Factors in CSR, which are Macro Factors and Micro Factors. Macro Factors are the external elements affecting CSR strategy development of the company whereas Micro Factors are those internal elements having effect on CSR strategy decision making of the company. Macro Factors can be the environmental factors such as Political, Economical, Social and Technological elements. On the other hand, Micro factors can be Firm size, Budget, Top management commitment, Decision maker morality and Company culture. Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-29030538961730173232020-01-07T05:13:00.001-08:002020-01-07T05:13:04.870-08:00Cerebral Palsy, The Most Common Physical Disability Of... According to Lancet Neurology, Cerebral Palsy is ââ¬Å"the most common physical disability of childhoodâ⬠¦ and a clinical diagnosis encompassing a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders that cause impairments of movement and postureâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (Moreno-De-Luca, Ledbetter, 2012). It is no wonder then, that Crotched Mountain strives to provide the best of services for individuals living with cerebral palsy. Some of these services include special school programming specific to an individualââ¬â¢s needs as well as thorough rehabilitation interventions and treatment through the hospital and residential living. These unique and purposeful services are what help residents and clients of Crotched Mountain take steps forward in their treatment or recovery. Crotched Mountain Rehab hopes that in offering so many specific programs and adapted services they are able to enhance the quality of lives both in and outside of their doors. Exact etiological factors of Cerebral Pal sy (CP) are not specifically known. Researchers have been doing much to decipher the causes of a child diagnosis of CP. What is believed up to this point is that there are several keys to the classification of cerebral palsy which in turn, lead o a greater understanding of what may have caused it. These classifications are made based off of the following; the severity (which is determined using the Gross Motor Function Classification System), the motor type determined (spastic, ataxic, or dyskinetic) and the topographicalShow MoreRelatedA Critical Review Of A Journal Paper1958 Words à |à 8 PagesA Critical Review of a Journal Paper Introduction Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that permanently affects an individualââ¬â¢s ability to move such as body movement, muscle control and contraction, this can be caused by a combination of abnormal development or damage to parts of the brain that control movement, balance and posture. (2) Cerebral palsy is the most common movement disorder in children and premature birth is one of the many risk factors associated with the condition. This criticalRead MoreThe Birth Of A Child Is A Miracle2089 Words à |à 9 Pagesparents find out they are expecting a child it is arguably one of the most exciting events in a personââ¬â¢s life. 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TodayRead MoreThe Theory Of Counseling And Therapy Theories6153 Words à |à 25 PagesSummary * Influences of Theories--How counseling theories influence your understanding of how to work with consumers with disabilities. The theories we learned provided a broad-based understanding of numerous factors related to the evolution of counseling and therapy theories and practices, along with new counseling and therapy skills. The important premise that underscores one of the central challenges of counseling and psychotherapy is that we are all in the same world, but each of us makes different Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-41026633639094495012019-12-30T01:39:00.001-08:002019-12-30T01:39:04.286-08:00Drug Abuse Should Be Considered A Brain Disease - 1360 Words Drug misuse and abuse has fueled a controversial issue to arise amongst physicians, psychiatrists, and general citizens. Sally Satel, a methadone clinic psychiatrist in Washington D.C., wrote an interesting article titled ââ¬Å"The Human Factorâ⬠in which she discusses the debate on whether drug addiction should be considered a brain disease or not. Satel believes that treatment for addicts should focus on treating them as humans with control over their lives, as opposed to treating them as people with an uncontrollable disease. Satel first addresses the social and economic consequences in the United States resulting from drug abuse. Annually, it accumulates over $200 billion dollars in expenses, $129 billion in lost workplace productivity costs, and $16 billion in healthcare costs. Altogether, it adds up to 3% of the total Gross Domestic Product. The U.S. government puts forth an effort to cut drug abuse through two different methods: supply and demand reduction. 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Drug addiction is considered a brain disease as drugs Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-51544433010836264622019-12-21T21:25:00.001-08:002019-12-21T21:25:03.661-08:00Comparison Between Schools And Prisons - 1732 Words Schools Vs Prisons The United States prison population has grown from approximately 500,000 to 2.3 million people in three decades. The us spends almost $70 billion dollars yearly to put adults in prison and jails. They also put 7.3 million people on probation and parole. California has the largest prison population rate in the country, with more than 170,000 people behind bars. More than a billion dollars is spent every year to incarcerate people from a community in Los Angeles . 40% of students expelled from schools each year are black. 70% of students are involved in ââ¬Å"in schoolâ⬠arrest. 2 x black and latino students are twice as likely to not graduate than white students 68% of all males in federal prison do not have a high school diploma The yearly cost to incarcerate one child is $88,000 and the yearly cost of public education for one child is $10,600 The school-to-prison pipeline is exactly how it sounds it is a system that pushes students out of classrooms and into jail. In kensington droup outs , unemployment, Poverty, and Crime 13,000 young adults between the ages 20 - 24 3,000 high school dropouts 23 philadelphia schools were closed Pennsylvania spends at least 463.8 million more on prisons than schools. 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I guess a more educated person has enough sense not to be involved with crimeâ⬠¦the relationship between crime and education is easy to see when viewing these factsâ⬠(Cordes 1). This is the view of most people when asked why people are in prison. People simply say that criminals were ill educated. As hard as we may try, we cannot do a lot about what happens before Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-83518490223857016892019-12-13T17:56:00.001-08:002019-12-13T17:56:04.526-08:00Hotels and the Environment Free Essays string(102) " shed light on the work that has already been done in this field by various hotels and organizations\." HOTEL INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT By VASUNDHARA TANWAR LITERATURE REVIEW When we talk of hotels we never think that something like that could have an impact on the environment and people would spend millions of rupees and infinite number of hours to deal with this so called impact. However this is absolutely the case. The seemingly small problem is literally taking the world by storm. We will write a custom essay sample on Hotels and the Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now So much so that national governments, hotels and even the UN are taking steps in order to find solutions to this problem. Extensive research has been done in the recent years by economists and scientists etc to come up with the most sustainable ways to run hotels since the degradation of the environment is a major concern worldwide. Papers like ââ¬Å"An analysis of environmental management, organizational context and performance of Spanish hotelsâ⬠by M. J. Alvarez which addresses the factors that determine the deployment of environmental management practices and its effects on firmsââ¬â¢ financial performance have been published. Results find support for the notion that age of facilities, size, chain affiliation, stakeholder environmental pressures, and their use of operations management techniques exert a lasting influence on the degree of implementation of environmental management practices by hotel firms. Moreover, findings show a positive relationship between environmental management practices and firmsââ¬â¢ financial performance. Various other economists in different countries have drawn similar conclusions. The United Nations environment programme also published a guide ââ¬Å"how the hotel and tourism industry can protect the ozone layerâ⬠. Environmental Good Practice in Hotels, published by UNEP IE and the International Hotel Restaurant Association (IHRA), presents 15 case studies selected from the IHRA annual Environmental Award. The case studies document environmental programmes initiated by independent hotels and international chains across the globe ââ¬â in Australia, Asia, Africa, Europe and North America. Action areas include environmental policy, design and construction, water, energy, waste, emissions, purchasing, staff training, and guest communication. The range of environmental initiatives featured is extensive, from simple recycling easures to water conservation using the latest technology, and from resorts built to strict environmental guidelines, to small hotels where the personal commitment of the general manager drives environmental activities. All case studies highlight the environmental and economic benefits gained by the actions taken. Also included are examples of environmental initiatives take n by national hotel associations, and a list of sources on environmental management publications and programmes in the hotel industry. These are just some examples of what is being said and done by organizations that observe what is going on. The actual participants, the hotels, are also not far behind. Many hotels have come up with various innovative ways to contribute to the betterment of the environment. Some of them have won various awards for this very purpose. Hotels now days strive to achieve the ECOTELà ® certification which is primarily the hallmark for environmentally sensitive hotels. One of the pioneers in such activities would be the orchid group of hotels. However, there are others that strive to achieve excellence in this cause and some have been quite successful too. INTRODUCTION Most countries rely heavily on the services sector for its growth. A major part of this sector is tourism. Tourism is one of the leading growth sectors of the economy and brings in billions of dollars for developing countries. When we talk about tourism we can hardly isolate it from talk of hotels. Hotels in a sense are synonymous with tourism and one cannot be talked about without reference to the other. The growth of the tourism industry has greatly increased the amount of stress on the environment. Now each individual has varying degrees of impact on the environment which largely depends on the personal choices made by individuals and is scattered world over. The same is true for hotels. They have an effect on the biodiversity right from its conception. This makes it imperative for us to study exactly how and where do hotels affect our environment, what can be done to reduce this impact and how aware is the current generation of hotels regarding this issue. Taking the example of India we see that as a result of increasing tourism in Goa, developers built several hotels. The hotels soon drew up to 66,000 gallons of water per day from wells and other local sources. Many of the wells and rivers the community had relied on went dry. This is a common problem in many areas where tourism runs into the limits of natural resources. With various such instances in several parts of the world today, ECOTOURISMââ¬âtourism that is nature-oriented and environmentally focusedââ¬âis growing rapidly. This represents a growing market for environmentally friendly options in the tourism industry. Ecotourism aside, many in the hotel industry have recognized the negative impact their business activities have on the environment and have taken action to alleviate those impacts. Environmentally responsible business practices dovetail well with the newfound popularity of ecotourism. They harmonize tourism and environmental sustainability. This awareness has given rise to what can be called the ââ¬Å"GREEN HOTELSâ⬠. The term ââ¬Å"green hotelsâ⬠describes hotels that strive to be more environment friendly through the efficient use of energy, water, and materials while providing quality services. Green hotels conserve and preserve by saving water, reducing energy use, and reducing solid waste. They have seen benefits such as reduced costs and liabilities, high return and low-risk investments, increased profits, and positive cash flows. Identifying these benefits and incentives has allowed the popularity of green hotels to grow. Hotels are consistently becoming greener. The most costly and wasteful use of resources in hotels are usually in the consumption of nonrenewable energy, excessive water use, and the generation of waste. Through this paper we would try to point out the complex nature of the impact that hotels have on our environment and the steps that can be taken in order to minimize this impact as much as possible. We would also like to shed light on the work that has already been done in this field by various hotels and organizations. You read "Hotels and the Environment" in category "Papers" Many organizations have done commendable work in trying to reduce their ecological footprint and have, in some sense, become pioneers and inspiration for others. For instance, the orchid group of hotels is pretty known for the kind of work it does. IMPACTS Tourism has a fairly large environmental footprint. Hotels, being at the heart of it, shoulder the responsibility for this. The following table shows that hotels are responsible for 21% of total emissions generated by tourism industry. These just constitute one part of their impact which in reality has many layers and levels to it. The hotels have an impact on the biodiversity at each stage of its life cycle, right from planning to its closure. These impacts could be summarized as follows: At the planning stage, the most important issue in determining the level of impact that a hotel will have relates to choices about its location and design. Even the most sustainably operated hotel will have major impacts if it is built in a biodiversity-sensitive area. Choices about the materials that will be used to construct the hotel, where those materials will come from and the total physical footprint of the hotel will also influence how significant its impacts will be in the operational stage. At the construction stage, impact is determined by the size and location of the area cleared for development and where construction activities are taking place, the choice of construction methods, the sources and amount and type of materials, water and energy used to build the hotel, the location of temporary camps for construction workers, inadequate storage facilities for construction materials, the amount of construction waste that has to be disposed of, and other types of damage such as surface soil erosion or compaction caused by construction activities or disruption of natural water flows and drainage patterns. In the operational stage, a hotelââ¬â¢s impact comes mainly from the energy, water, food and other resources that are consumed in running the hotel, by the solid and liquid wastes it produces, by the way its grounds are managed, and by the direct impacts of its guests. In addition, regular renovation and replacement of furniture, appliances and facilities can cause impacts through purchasing choices and increased waste generation. Using energy and water more efficiently, using organic and sustainably produced food, reducing, treating and disposing of waste appropriately, making sustainable purchasing decisions and managing gardens with natural-style plantings can all help a hotel to reduce its adverse impacts on biodiversity. Similarly, a hotelââ¬â¢s relationship with host communities not only affects the sustainable operations of the hotel but also the use of environmental resources by communities themselves. At the closure stage, a hotelââ¬â¢s impacts come from the disposal of materials removed from the hotel to refurbish it, convert it for other uses, or demolish it, nd from the work involved in these activities. It may be possible to reuse and recycle some materials, but there may also be some toxic materials, particularly from older buildings, which will require careful handling and management. A responsible hotel operator should also foresee supporting activities of ecological restoration as requir ed. Responsible siting and design, the effective management of energy and water consumption, and the proper disposal of wastewater and solid waste are important challenges for any hotel hoping to improve the sustainability of its operations. Now even though a hotel has environmental impact through different stages of its lifecycle the most easily cited and the longest running impact that they have is at their operational stage since once a hotel has been built, it stays in the business for very many years under normal circumstances. The day to day running has impacts which are a lot times ignored in the overall picture. This mostly becomes the case because individually, hotels do not have a significant impact on the environment. Collectively however, they can be very wasteful and use huge amount of resources. It has been estimated that seventy-five percent of hotelsââ¬â¢ environmental impacts can be directly related to excessive consumption. This is wasteful in terms of resources and creates unnecessary operational costs. The three key areas of environmental impact are energy, water, and waste. Energy ââ¬â Excessive energy use is extremely costly and with minor adjustments, it can lead to massive cost savings. According to Gossling et. al. (2005), ââ¬Å"the average energy consumption per bed per night in hotels might be in the order of 130 Mega joules. Hotels generally use more energy per visitor that local residents, as they have energy intense facilities, such as bars, restaurants, and pools, and have more spacious rooms. Studies have determined that a hotel emits an average 20. 6 kg of carbon dioxide per night. Waste ââ¬â A study conducted by Bohdanowicz(2005) also indentified that hotels are not only resource intensive and that waste generation is on e of the most visible effects on the environment. One estimate identified that ââ¬Å"an average hotel produces in excess of one kilogram of waste per guest per dayâ⬠. Approximately thirty percent of waste in hotels can be diverted through reuse and recycling. Waterà ââ¬â Tourists and residents alike require a clean and dependable supply of water for survival including drinking, cooking and cleansing. However, water is integral to the amenities usually expected by tourists, such as swimming pools, landscaped gardens, and golf courses. Water also supports industries such as agriculture that support the tourism industry (Pigram, 1995). Thus, tourists demand more water than local resident s on a per capita basis (Essex, Kent ; Newnham, 2004). It has been estimated by Salen (1995) that 15,000 cubic meters of water would typically supply 100 rural farmers for three years and 100 urban families for two years, yet only supply 100 luxury hotel guests for less than two months (Holden, 2000). In dryer regions, touristsââ¬â¢ water consumption can amount to 440 liters a day per tourist, which is almost double the average amount of water used by residents in Spain (UNEP, 2008). In destinations that do not have the required infrastructure and systems to manage these impacts, severe degradation of the environment can occur. The following table summarizes the environmental impact of the day to day workings of any hotel Service/Activity| Description| Main Environmental Impacts| Administration| Hotel management Reception of clients| Energy, water and materials (mainly paper) Generation of waste and hazardous waste (toner cartridges)| Technical Services| Equipment for producing hot water and heating Air conditioning Lighting Swimming pools Green areas Mice and insect extermination Repairs and maintenance| Energy and water consumption Consumption and generation of a wide range of hazardous products Air and soil emissions Generation of waste water Pesticides use| Restaurant/bar| Breakfast, lunch, dinner Beverages and snacks| Energy, water and raw materials consumption Packaging waste Organic waste| Kitchen| Food conservation Food preparation Dish washing| Consumption of energy and water Packaging waste Oil waste Organic waste Generation of odours| Room Use| Use by guests Products for guestsââ¬â¢ use Housekeeping| Energy, water and raw materials consumption Use of hazardous products Generation of waste packaging Generation of waste water| Laundry| Washing and ironing of guest clothes Washing and ironing of hotel linens| Consumption of energy and water Use of hazardous cleaning products Generation of waste waterà | (Graci, 2009) This gives us a clear enough picture of the ecological impacts of hotels. Thus it becomes imperative that each hotel recognizes them and takes initiative to curb these impacts. With the growth of the tourism sector all over the world and with more and more hotels coming up each day these small things become issues of epic proportions when looked at collectively. In a time when our environment is in a very fragile condition one canââ¬â¢t ignore such a situation. The sooner hotels realize this the better it would be. However, these issues were not even brought to light till very recently. The annual hospitality consultantsââ¬â¢ conference in 2007 did not even mention any of the environmental issues that plagued hotels in their top 10 problems of the industry. BEST PRACTICES There are many green practices that hotels can implement and they also help save unnecessary costs. There can be many ways in which a hotel can reduce its footprint. Some of them can be: * Not discharging waste in water bodies ââ¬â prevents pollution. * Recycling Use of compact fluorescent lights ââ¬â saves energy. * Reuse of linens ââ¬â saves water, detergent, energy and greenhouse gases. * Low-flow shower systems ââ¬â saves water and energy. * Local products ââ¬â save transportation costs. * Installation of green roofs ââ¬â saves energy. * Installation of solar heaters or other renewable energy source ââ¬â saves energy. These points are jus t a brief outline to what can really be done in order to go green. The possibilities as such are endless. There are some more sophisticated and cost heavy methods that can also be undertaken. BENEFITS OF GOING GREEN Cost benefits Financial savings are one of the most significant factors that influence the implementation of environmental initiatives in a hotel. This is especially evident for hotel businesses that operate in a highly competitive market and where the cost of energy, water and waste disposal are high. Hotel operators that can maximize their efficiency and reduce waste will be more cost-effective than their competitors. Hotels also use large amounts of energy to keep guests cool in hot temperatures, and equally large amounts of energy to keep them warm during the winter. In some destinations, hotels place an additional, sometimes unsustainable demand on local water resources and generate large quantities of food and packaging waste. Despite the setup costs and the possible lengthy return on investment associated with environmental initiatives, the economic benefits usually outweigh the cost of implementation. Starting with projects that are less capital intensive ââ¬â such as retrofitting light bulbs, energy metering, and training staff to be conscious of energy use ââ¬â can lead to substantial cost savings. Competitive advantage Green programs can provide a competitive advantage to leaders as long as green activities continue to be voluntary. Over time, however, green practices in the hospitality industry will become a baseline requirement, particularly as the cost of non-renewable energy continues to rise, regulatory pressure increases, and consumers become more demanding. Therefore, hotels with business models that revolve around green practices will have the strongest opportunity to achieve a competitive advantage by being ahead of the emerging sustainability curve. Employee retention Employees are identified as one of the greatest benefits of going green. Employees, like hotel guests, are increasingly sophisticated and ââ¬Å"tunedâ⬠into current thinking in society and are far more likely to identify with an employer whose principles and practices are aligned with their values. Environmental programs have proved to be an effective means of generating enthusiasm and motivating staff to work as a team to achieve a common purpose. Many hotel companies use environmental programs as a staff incentive ââ¬â the financial savings earned are translated into cash or other rewards such as in-house events or trips. Employee turnover rate in the hotel sector is relatively high therefore increasing the retention rate will also save the business money in training of new staff. Customer loyalty There has been a shift in the expectations and demands of consumers. The typical hotel guest of today is more sophisticated and to varying degrees is likely to be concerned about environmental issues such as recycling bottles, cans and paper at home as well as making greener lifestyle choices, such as organic food or fuel-efficient vehicles. Many guests however, make their decision to stay at a hotel facility based on location, amenities, and service. The implementation of environmental initiatives may play a smaller role in a guestââ¬â¢s choice of a property. The influence from customers however occurs when their level of awareness increases and they come to expect environmental practices such as recycling. Despite first-time guests basing their decisions on location, amenities and service, customer loyalty may increase once they have experienced a hotel which has demonstrated a level of environmental commitment. Regulatory compliance Hotels must anticipate future regulatory changes and implement initiatives to mitigate the possible costly effects of emerging regulation. Savvy businesses are aware that regulations do not have to be a negative restraint on their daily operations ââ¬â in fact, they can offer opportunities to gain an advantage over competitors. Some environmental regulations are good for economic competition as they stimulate innovation that can offset the cost of compliance. By implementing measures in the face of societal and egulatory pressures, unexpected, but substantial cost savings as well as potential new areas of profit may be found. The hotel industry worldwide is increasingly being regulated for waste, water, energy use and greenhouse gas emission. Being aware of pending rule changes will allow you to adopt measures in advance, and avoid potentially higher future costs which may be associated with compliance. Risk management Risk minimization is now viewed as incr easingly intertwined with good corporate social responsibility and governance. Managing risk is as much about minimizing the potential damage from decisions and actions taken from within a company as it is about managing external exposure. Traditionally, a hotelââ¬â¢s risk management strategy has been focused on health and safety concerns around food and water, pest infestation, fire or water damage, outbreaks of disease, and guest security and safety. In recent years however, environmental and social issues are emerging as a key risk issue for the lodging sector. Environmental risks include: * Water and land contamination. * Air and noise pollution. Supply chain environmental practices. * Waste management. Environmental risks also have an impact on the cost of capital for businesses of various types and sizes, and may affect the value of a company over the long term. In addition, the investment community is increasingly regarding excellence in environmental management and performance as an indication of the quality and aptitude of management in general. Som e insurance companies and lenders are beginning to selectively adjust their rates based on environmental criteria stipulated by ethical funds. Companies that integrate the environment into their business decisions and reduce their environmental risk and potential liabilities are in a better position to secure investment and reduce their financial and reputational market exposure (Graci and Dodds, 2009). Cause itââ¬â¢s the right thing to do! Beyond regulation and compliance, many environmental and social initiatives are voluntary. Whether driven by cost savings or a principled strategy, the hotel industry is recognizing the environment, the community and their human capital as a valuable resource to be protected. Long-term business sustainability will depend on this. Many hotels have implemented social initiatives and corporate social responsibility (CSR) into their regular day-to-day practices. Corporate social responsibility in the hotel industry ideally exists in human resources management, the local community, and through promoting and practicing environmental initiatives and is heavily influenced by internal and external forces. CSR has been widely expanding throughout the hotel industry, mainly to prove that corporate unethical behavior is no longer a problem. Thus, hotels are embarking on being ethical through social initiatives by protecting and supporting communities, their human resources, and by implementing environmental initiatives. Many international and local hotels are becoming involved in corporate social responsibility in order to extend their brand knowledge to different types of audiences, to gain employee retention and improved competitive advantage, and lastly because it is ââ¬Å"the right thing to doâ⬠. Sixty-five percent of the top 100 companies in the world employ some sort of corporate social responsibility statement featured on their websites. Several multinational companies have gained a very negative brand reputation based on their past unethical practices. Larger companies have been criticized as being the main culprit in releasing excess greenhouse emissions, climate change, environmental devastation, and unfair treatment of employees. Due to such criticisms and negative publicity, many businesses have increased the focus on corporate social responsibility. HIGH ACHIEVERS When it comes to hotels that are environmentally sustainable the first name that comes to mind is the Orchid group of hotels. The Orchidà became Asiaââ¬â¢s first Five Star hotel to win the ECOTELà ® certification shortly after opening in May of 1997 and today (January 2011) is the only Hotel in the World to win overà 80à international / national awards in 13 years from inception. Under the management ofà The Orchidà Owner Vithal Kamat, the hotel has earned more environmental accolades than any other hotel in the world. With this latest achievement,à The Orchidà becomes one of only six hotels in the world to maintain top-level, ââ¬Å"five-globe,â⬠ECOTELà ®-Certification. Though orchid group is a pioneer in environmentally friendly hotels, others ave also done substantial work. The fern group of hotels in India being one of them. The Uppal in New Delhi, Seasons in Pune etc are other ecotel hotels. Various international hotels are also actively involved in such projects that put environmental sustainability at its fore. In conclusion it can be said that though environmental sustainabi lity is big problem that is plaguing the hospitality industry, itââ¬â¢s still not too late to correct the situation. References * www. uneptie. org * http://www. concepthospitality. com * Accor 2010, ââ¬ËChild Protectionââ¬â¢. Retrieved February 04, 2010 fromà http://www. accor. com/en/sustainable-development/ego-priorities/child-protection. html * Alexander, S 2002, Green Hotels: Opportunities and Resources for Success. Portland: Zero Waste Alliance. * Bohdanowicz, P 2005, ââ¬ËEuropean Hoteliersââ¬â¢ Environmental Attitudes: Greening the Business, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 188-204. * Bohdanowicz, P 2006, ââ¬ËEnvironmental Awareness and Initiatives in the Swedish and Polish Hotel Industries ââ¬â Survey Resultsââ¬â¢ International Journal of Hospitality Management, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 662-668. * Bohdanowicz, P. and Zientara, P. 2008, ââ¬ËCorporate Social Responsibility in Hospitality: Issues and Implications. A Case Study of Scandicââ¬â¢ Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 271-293. * Brebbia, C. A. and Pineda, F. D. 2004, Sustainable Tourism. WIT Press, Boston. * Claver- Cortes, E. , Molina-Azorin, J. F. P ereira-Moliner, J. , Lopez-Gamero, M. D. 2007, ââ¬ËEnvironmental Strategies and Their Impact on Hotel Performanceââ¬â¢ Journal of Sustainable Tourism. , vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 663-679. * Dodds, R. 005, Barriers to the Implementation of Sustainable Tourism Policy in Destinations. University of Surrey School of Management, Surrey. * Essex, S. , Kent, M. , ; Newnham, R. 2004, ââ¬ËTourism development in Mallorca: Is water supply a constraint? ââ¬Ë Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol 12, no. 1, pp. 4-28. * Fairmont Hotel and Resorts 2001, The Green Partnership Guide. A Practical Guide to Greening your Hotel, 2nd edition, Toronto * Fairmont Hotels and Resorts 2008, Corporate Responsibility. Retrieved February 04, 2010, fromhttp://www. fairmont. com/EN_FA/AboutFairmont/enviroment/Awards/CorporateEn How to cite Hotels and the Environment, Papers Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-3701187718125470772019-12-05T14:16:00.001-08:002019-12-05T14:16:04.871-08:00School Prayer Question Essay Example For Students School Prayer Question Essay Contrary to the claims, students have the Constitutional right to pray inschool, either individually or in informal groups so long as the prayer is notorganized by the school. But if the students only knew what they were reallydoing by praying in school. II. First of all they are going against the Bible. As to quote, Matthew 6:5-6: And when you pray, do not be like thehypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the streetcorners. But when you pray, go into your room, close the door and praySo as you can see those who pray in places such as the cafeteria, middle of thehall or things of that nature is actually going against the bible. Now I am notsaying that a person should not pray in schools, but they should do it just asthe Bible says in a personal place. If a student cant find a personal place,and have an undesirable need to pray, they need to not make a big deal out ofit. Praying as put in the Bible is a personal experience between that person andGod. Not an event to be proclaimed up and down the hallway. III. Another problemthere is with praying in schools is the fact that there are some students whodont believe in God. The purpose of a democracy is to have the majority decidebut yet always respect the rights of the minority. Some administrators,teachers, parents, and most importantly, kids, just feel uncomfortable when itcomes to religion. Several factors could be attributed to this problem, from toomany religions and religious theories to religious pressure to lack thereof. Butwhatever the reason some people feel offended by seeing these students pray. They think that their rights are being infringed upon. Well in example, if ashirt some student is wearing offends a person they tell someone about beingoffended. Someone else is also offended and so they tell someone. These 2 peopleinfluenced by what they have heard tell more people. This chain reactioncontinues until that kind of shirt is not allowed in schools, in exampleMarilynn Manson shirts. The minority there is the students wanting to wear theshirts; the majority is the people offended by it. The majority spoke and theminority is told to fallow. But now it is the minority being offended no onecares to do anything about it. IV. The last problem I have are the advocates ofschool prayer say that without it there is moral decline, blaming the absence ofschool prayer for everything from low SAT scores to teenage pregnancy. But itjust wont work. In fact, legislated school prayer would make things worse. Fora school to require students to recite, for example, a Christian prayer would give Christianity a special status, implying that other religions are somehowinferior. One religion would be pitted against another, conflicts would arise,and intolerance would grow. The only palatable compromise in a directed publicschool prayer would be a watered-down prayer that would be meaningless to thedeeply religious and an infringement on those who follow no religion. Some ofour senators are trying to pass an amendment in have school prayer required. Butthe First Amendment begins Congress shall make no law respecting anestablishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof Ifwe were to have this school wide required prayer we would be in essanceestablishing a religion. And even though what they are trying to pass is aconstitutional amendment it goes against on of the main things our forefatherscame here for. The First Amendment is one of the finest laws man has everwritten. For over two hundred years, it continues to mean exactly what it wasoriginally intended t o mean: Religion and other fundamental rights should remainbeyond the reach of majorities and governments, and certainly not subjected tothe political whims of Congress. .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .postImageUrl , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:hover , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:visited , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:active { border:0!important; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:active , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Medical Devices FDA EssayBibliographyFAQ. Prayer in Schools. http://www.atheists.org/schoolhouse/faqs.prayer.html. Downloaded December 16, 1999 Maryland teen walks out of Graduation overPrayer. Prayer in schools. http://www.freedomforum.org/religion/1999/5/28mdgradprayer.aspDownloaded December 16, 1999 Smudge Report. Bible verse. http://www.smudgereport.com/longstories/prayer.htmlDownloaded December 16, 1999 Bible Belivers should oppose schoolprayer. School Prayer. http://users.cnmnetwork.com/lotl2k/prayer.htmlDownloaded December 16, 1999 The Bible and Public Prayer. PublicPrayer. http://www.religioustolerance.org/prayer.htm. Downloaded December 16,1999Religion Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-21735718715441238862019-11-28T15:48:00.001-08:002019-11-28T15:48:03.107-08:00Baiji - Facts and FiguresBaiji - Facts and Figures Name: Baiji; also known as Lipotes vexilifer, the Chinese River Dolphin and the Yangtze River Dolphin Habitat: Yangtze River of China Historical Epoch: Late Miocene-Modern (20 million-10 years ago) Size and Weight: Up to eight feet long and 500 pounds Diet: Fish Distinguishing Characteristics: Moderate size; long snout About the Baiji The Baijialso known as the Chinese River Dolphin, the Yangtze River Dolphin and (less frequently) by its species name, Lipotes vexiliferoccupies that unfortunate interval between a dwindling number of sightings and functional extinction. This graceful, moderately sized, freshwater dolphin once occupied a thousand-mile stretch of Chinas Yangtze river, but it hasnt exactly flourished in modern times; as long ago as 300 B.C., early Chinese naturalists counted only a few thousand specimens. If the Baiji was imperiled back then, you can imagine the reasons it has completely disappeared today, with over 10 percent of the worlds population lining the shores (and exploiting the resources) of the Yangtze River. Like a patient dying of a terminal disease, extraordinary efforts were made to resuscitate the Baiji when people realized it was about to go extinct. In the late 1970s, the Chinese government established reserves along the Yangtze River for the Baiji, but most individuals died shortly after being relocated; even today, authorities maintain no less than five Baiji reserves, but there have been no confirmed sightings since 2007. It may yet prove possible to reintroduce the Baiji by breeding captive individuals, a program known as de-extinction, but its more likely that the very last Baiji will die in captivity (as has happened with many other recently extinct animals, such as the Passenger Pigeon and the Quagga). Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-88589872174201602492019-11-24T23:23:00.001-08:002019-11-24T23:23:04.863-08:00Cox Surname Meaning and OriginCox Surname Meaning and Origin There are several possible origins or meanings for the last name Cox. Options include: Form of COCK (little), a term of endearment (i.e. WILLCOX, little Will), often used to denote a leader or chief man.Possibly originated from the Welsh word coch, meaning red.Cox could also be a locality descriptive surname for heap, haycock, or hillcock. Last Name Statistics Old and common last names are often difficult to define, research, or trace. Cox is the 78th most popular surname in the United States. Cox is also popular in England, coming in as the 52nd most common surname. Origin: English, French, Welsh, and/or IrishAlternate Spellings: Cocks Genealogy Resources Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Cox surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Cox query.RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Cox surname.FamilySearch hosts records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Cox surname and its variations. Resources and Further Reading Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004.Cottle, Basil. The Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Penguin, 1967.Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University, 1989.Hanks, Patrick, editor. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University, 2003.Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German-Jewish Surnames. Bilingual ed., Avotaynu, 2005.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical, 1997. Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-47283387373795952582019-11-21T08:28:00.001-08:002019-11-21T08:28:03.422-08:00TEXTBOOK-Brinkley World War II chapters 25-26 EssayTEXTBOOK-Brinkley World War II chapters 25-26 - Essay Example Among these invasions were; the military attacks on Poland by the Germans, the attack of China by the Japanese military. These invasions were majorly as a result of the undesirable decisions that were made by dictatorial leadership in Japan and Germany. For a period of two years, the United States took a neutral position in the ongoing global military conflicts that majorly occurred among Japan, Italy as well as the Germans. During this period the government of the United States of America under the guidance of the then President Franklin Roosevelt signed a program that would guide it to supply military weapons to the Free France, Britain, Russia (Soviet Union) and Italy which were its allies (Brinkley 692). The program was known as the Land Lease and it was implemented one and a half a year after the beginning of the Second World War. During this period, the United States of America also supplied other forms of aid to these nations, for instance; military personnel to take the position of the British forces that invaded Iceland. The first reason that led to the engagement of the United States of America in the world war two was the action taken by the Japanese military to advance in to China and the French Indochina. This angered the United States, Netherlands and the Great Britain which decided to cut off the supply of oil products to the Japanese military. This led to the halt of most of Japanese military weapons; however, Japan remained adamant and even suggested that they were ready for a war with the United States of America, an action that created tension between US and Japan (Brinkley 693). After Japan declared that it was ready for a war with the United States, it went ahead a carried an invasion on the United Statesââ¬â¢ navy that was stationed at Pearl Harbor. This attack was planned by the Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto who believed that the most effective way to defeat the powerful United States Military forces Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-58780924336754564052019-11-20T11:44:00.001-08:002019-11-20T11:44:06.035-08:00Literary Elements of the Film (Pan's Labyrinth) EssayLiterary Elements of the Film (Pan's Labyrinth) - Essay Example Thesis statement: The analysis of Pans Labyrinth by Guillermo del Toro, based on literary elements like plot, symbolism, and conflict proves the futility of hatred/war and the role of motherly tenderness in reducing violence and bloodshed in the mortal and immortal worlds. This section is divided into three: Plot (the theme of motherly tenderness), symbolism (war and violence), and conflict (between real and imaginary worlds, and internal conflict related to dual personality). First of all, motherly tenderness is the most important theme unearthed by the director in the film. To be specific, the heroine (Ofelia) who sacrifices her own life for the wellbeing of others is symbolic of motherly tenderness. As pointed out, the filmââ¬â¢s plot is interconnected with military/ political history of Spain, especially during 1940s, after the Spanish Civil War between the Republicans and Nationalists. In the film, the director provides ample importance to the internal turmoil in Spain. Charles Derry makes clear that ââ¬Å"Where as Pans Labyrinth takes places after the end of the Spanish Civil War, the violence still continuesâ⬠(323). Military posts were established to stamp out the resistance. In the film, Captain Vidal is portrayed as a brave character that fights against the rebels. From a different angle of view, the film is a fanciful after the end of the Spanish Civil War, the violence still continues. Military posts were established to stamp out the resistance. In the film, Captain Vidal is portrayed as a brave character that fights against the rebels. From a different angle of view, the film is a fanciful on the background of fascist repression and violence, the heroine is drawn into a mystical, old labyrinth and uncovers a tale that has long been forgotten. In the film, Ofelia realizes that Captain and his fascist allies try their level best to bring down the rebels who fight for freedom. This attempt destroys Ofeliaââ¬â¢s world and she wants to have an escapade Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-53893748653287462092019-11-18T05:48:00.001-08:002019-11-18T05:48:05.117-08:00Constitutional Law and Offender Treatment Analysis EssayConstitutional Law and Offender Treatment Analysis - Essay Example Therefore, the justice system has been given power in line with the enacted laws to ensure that the powers granted are implemented by all sectors in compliance with the statutes. This paper therefore aims to identify and examine the statutory authority and responsibilities of justice system officials, security personnel, and private citizens regarding investigation, detention and the arrest of suspected offenders. It will particularly make an evaluation on the psychological and physical treatment of suspected offenders and associated laws by all concerned parties including the police, private security personnel, and the wider society. The paper will also examine the various laws in relation to the use of force by public police and private security.à Finally, it will examine the manner in which established laws affect public safety and individual rights associated with probation, parole, and correctional organizations. Constitutional Rights The U.S. Constitution's Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendments, through the due process clause in the Fourteenth Amendment, provide the rights relating to criminal laws that all citizens have. The Fourth Amendment forbids unrealistic and unwarranted searches and arrests of citizens and their property. The Sixth Amendment provides for rights and freedoms for criminal suspects. The amendments provide for a speedy and extensive investigation by the judge followed by a fair hearing in court. The constitution also has provisions that protect the suspect from harassment, intimidation and torture by the police, justice system and the wider society (Legal Rights Hand Book, 2005) Rights of Citizens The Constitution guarantees citizens the right to life, freedom of movement, speech, association etc. as long as the rights bestowed do not result in the violation of the rights of another individual or the State. If a citizen of a particular country feels that his or her rights have been violated he or she has the right to inform the police for intervention. However, in the event that the life of an individual is in danger hence cannot wait for police intervention that individual has the right to act in self-defense. For instance in South Africa in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Act(sec 42) an individual who is not a security personnel has the right to arrest an individual suspected of committing crime without a guarantee under special circumstances (Vuuren, 2000). The Justice System is the branch of government that is responsible for the execution and enforcement of laws that are enacted by legislature. The security personnel that include the public police and private security personnel have the duty of ensuring that the citizens follow the law and therefore help in maintaining law and order. When citizens fail to obey and respect the laws in place the police are entitled to act within the law and ensure those responsible for committing crimes are brought to justice by carrying out speedy and appropriate inves tigations and arresting the culprits. After the police have carried out extensive investigations, the justice system has the authority of using the evidence presented to sentence the offenders in accordance with the law. Once the offenders have been sentenced, it is the duty of the correctional centers such as prisons, parole and probation centers to ensure that the offenders serve their sentence and reform Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4989706890591138918.post-21409544754483441242019-11-15T18:20:00.001-08:002019-11-15T18:20:10.559-08:00Secret Recipe Franchise AnalysisSecret Recipe Franchise Analysis Executive Summary Secret Recipe, Dubai, UAE will be a franchise of catering company called Secret Recipe owned by ALAMERI Group. The business is in food services industry and has successfully established its brand name in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, China, Philippines, Pakistan, Brunei, and Australia by virtue of its fine quality cakes, fusion food and distinctive service. The purpose for this business plan is to provide a written guide for managing the franchise of Secret Recipe, Dubai, UAE and seek financing from relevant institution and investors by providing detailed funding business plan. This franchise of secret recipe will be owned by Taleb AlAmeri and will be primarily involved in the provision of variety fresh food products such as cheese, chocolate and fresh, cream cakes, health cakes and brownies. The business mission statement is to be solution oriented innovatively and the vision is to be one of the leading telecommunication companies in Africa. The objective of the company is to provide job opportunities youths, generate income for owners and to give 10% of the revenue back to the community. The fundamentals of this business success rest with the capacity to deliver value to the customer at competitive prices (Ajami, Cool Goddard, 2006).With the background knowledge of stiff competition in the food industry within Dubai, this franchise aims at attracting and retaining its customer through the provision of fine quality food products and distinctive service. In addition to the above, the fundamentals of this business will encapsulate best demonstration of ethical practice within both the internal and external environment. This is because of the backdrop knowledge of the stringent measures and legislations that govern the food industry. The food industry is expected to grow in the near and innovative approaches to food service and delivery will define success within this industry. Changing consumer demographics and increasingly complicated customers are pushing food service businesses to the drawing boards (Toyne Nigh, 1999). The success of this franchise will depend on the capacity to create a powerful market niche that cannot be broken. General Company Description What makes the business very unique is the realization that businesses and consumers are increasingly demanding more leading edge in service and product delivery in the most efficient, time saving and reliable way (Hill, 2008). The Secret Recipe situated at Dubai Mall, UAE a franchise of Secret Recipes will be primarily involved in the provision of fine quality cakes and fusion food. This will encompass the provision of more than 20 types of fusion food, 40 cake creations and pastries, with a flavorful range of ice cream and beverages. Mission statement: To provide world class food services to the customer. Vision: To become a leading provider in fine quality cakes and fusion food. The company will offer value addition services innovatively using the existing technology for reliability and efficiency. With a powerful website to be developed, the customers will be able to sample and purchase their preferred choice of quality fine cakes and fusion foods online. The website will be used to advertise and sell the products and services offered by the company. Company Goals and Objectives Goals To have the franchise operating exactly three months after receiving adequate funding. Obtain $ 200,000 of capital by 31st December 2010 to staff and launch the business towards achieving its long term goals. To attain the stated year goal of recruiting employees by the beginning of the year 2011. Objectives Achieve excellent levels of high ethical standards within the food industry. Have a healthy, successful company that is a leader in customer service and that has a loyal customer following. Achieve a sales target of $20,000 within the first three months of the operation. Business Philosophy: The most important aspect of this business is to provide value to the customer through distinctive service and in a manner that guarantees their return. The more than 20 types of fusion food, 40 cake creations and pastries, with a flavorful range of ice cream and beverages will be sold to all customers of different backgrounds in United Arabs Emirates. However, I envisage to draw the larger bulk of my customer base from the residents of Dubai City. Because of the increasing innovative marketing approaches, the marketing strategy will strive to reach customers of diverse backgrounds and will then be narrowed down to touch on the specific market niche. Food industry is a growth industry that has leaped from one phase to the other and is expected to record tremendous growth in the future. Changes that will arise in the future will mainly be in regard to changing demographics and the complexity in the demands of the customer. This will also include changes in technology that will define the operations and customer service delivery (Singh Delios, 2005). My company will stay in tandem with the changes in the food industry and at pace with technological advancement to reap the most out of the benefits presented by these two growth scenarios. My greatest strength and competency that will also be my competitive advantage is the unrivalled experience in the food industry and chain management. As the owner of this franchise, I plan to put in an aggressive and innovative marketing campaign within this industry that will immediately smoke away competition and enhance my entry and strong regional presence in Dubai. I strongly believe my competitors strength will be based on tears of operation that have made them acquire a deeper sense of understanding of the customer. In fact, after an intensive research on the competitors strengths and weaknesses, the company realized that the competitors strengths are based on the experience, location, advertisement, employee, technology, financial, political connection and goodwill. I plan to plough in my vast experience in management within the food industry to his business and ensure its survival. In addition to the above, my capacity to raise capital that will cover important business start-up areas will provide me a competitive advantage against my competitors who has struggling with waning confidence in small and medium sized entrepreneurs by banks. Furthermore, I expect to reap from the efforts of the main company in regards to brand and image building. This will be a sole proprietorship type of business. This is because I believe the inability to raise adequate capital forms the reason behind enlargement and partnerships. Capital is not a problem in my case. Furthermore, sole proprietorship offers the best and simplest environment in regard to decision making (Cherunilam, 2004). I plan to execute my decisions and discharge my duties within this business without any opposition and inhibition. Products and Services This will be an entirely food business that will only deal with the products of the mother company. I will sell the more than 20 types of fusion food, 40 cake creations and pastries, with a flavorful range of ice cream and beverages offered in allà Secret Recipeà outlets. After an intensive research on the competitors strengths and weaknesses, the company realized that the competitors strengths are based on the experience, location, advertisement, employee, technology, financial, political connection and goodwill. These will form the areas that will define my competitive disadvantages. As a new franchise, I plan to get into the market at a slightly reduced sales fee in comparison to my competitors. This will form the introductory offer of the business that is aimed at drawing the customer to the business. Marketing Plan My marketing ill revolve around the need to adapt my brands to meet local and regional culture because of the understanding that branding act as a means of linking items that are part of product line and emphasizes the individuality of product items. This emphasis can only be achieved in instances where products items fit into the local or regional culture of the target market. This is a food industry and therefore I expect very little conflict with the culture of the people in Dubai. In addition to the above, the adapting of these brands to fit into the local and regional culture of the target market is a competitive advantage that is commonly used by competing firms engaged in the sale of similar or substitute products. In essence, this means that a firm that outperforms the others in the primary goal of performance-profitability-has competitive advantage. A reference back to the branding generic model of firms can be made, where the question of whether firms are branding strategies is cost driven or value added arises. Value added competitive advantage arises in instances where competing firms attach strong cognizance to the understanding of local or regional culture before launching their product lines. Companies succeed in branding strategies that their rival because their products are positioned to capitalize on their unique characteristics of a local or regional group and which, in one or more aspects, their rivals find hard to emulate. This competitive adv antage gives it a basis for outperforming competitors because of the value that firms are able to present to the customer. These will define my marketing plan. Management and Organization As I have stated, the day to day management of the business will be my primary duty with the support of other individuals that will form part of employees in the company. The procedure of running the business will be through delegation as per the chain of current bellow DIRECTORS CEOs SENIOR MANAGER FINANCE MANAGER ASSISTANT AGENTS WATCHMEN HUMAN RESOURSE MANAGER The managers and the staff are very important for the company as they are the means through which goals are realized, duties are carried out and they provide the links between the organization and the clients. 5.2 Management team The initial management team consists of the founders who will be working jointly as shareholders. The founders of the company share a vision for the success of Secret Recipe Franchise situated in Dubai, UAE. Their duty will involve day to day running of the business which involves finance, logistics and human resource. In future the company will have a general manager, finance manager and human resource manager who must have a degree or diploma with the relevant course from a recognized University or College. 5.3 Other personnel Apart from the management team, the company is having three (3) supervisors at the head office and one (1) assistant supervisor in every department. The company is planning to employ watchmen, office messenger and more assistant agents as we will be expanding. These personnel have and will have minimum qualification of O level education and diverse knowledge in the food industry. 5.4 Recruitment The management team has been able to recruit other personnel through networking and train them within the already existing outlets before they are posted to the new outlets. The business will also consider advertising through posters, internal memo, friends and relatives, internet, electronic media like radio and printed media like newspapers. The recruitment process will involve short-listing of the applicants, interviewing of the shortlisted applicants, selection of the successful applicants and finally issuing the appointment letter. We will also recruit through confirmation of the interns and the volunteers. 5.5 Orientation, training and developing of staff Secret Recipe Franchise Company will carry out orientation, training and development of staff through induction, on the job training, contract training, refresher courses, internship and evaluation after training. The company is looking forward to become custodians of a very fragile yet integral good: customer trust, therefore the company will maintain refresher courses to ensure all our staffs are properly aligned when it comes to personal integrity. 5.6 Remuneration/incentives 5.6.1 Salaries/wages The company will offer to the personnel a very competitive basic salary according to the qualification, experience, position and expertise. The salary will also be based on what the competitors offer and the companys returns. There will be a commission for the sales personnel and prompt payment for wages. 5.6.2 Fringe benefits Incentive is also another factor that the company has put at the top of priorities. Incentives will enable, motivate or encourage a particular course of action which in turn will contribute to the company success. We will offer allowances in terms of overtime, leave, millage, hardship and many more as they may arise. There will be bonuses including awards in terms of value for money and certificates. Currently the company provides tea, soft drink and has installed a television system. The business will soon embark on taking our staff to the trips, have insurance cover for them and remit contributions on their behalf to their respective insurance companies. 5.7 Support services The company will require the following support services; financial advisor, legal advisor, banking system, security support services, infrastructure and insurance services. 9. FINANCIAL PLAN The company has at its disposal a sum total of $20,000 as a financial source from directors personal savings. We are therefore looking for funding from other investors and banks. The business finance will be used to for the facilities, equipments, materials, cash for operating expenses and salaries, fees and other costs. 9.1 Capitalization 9.1.1 Own contribution Capitalization based on the shareholders contributions is $20,000. 9.1.2 Proposed funds from borrowing sources For the business to operate as proposed, the start-up cost must be met. The company is therefore proposing funds from borrowing sources of $ 20, 000 9.1.3 Total investment Total investment is the sum of own contribution and the proposed funds from borrowing sources which is $40,000. The following sections lay out the details of the financial plan for rapid, but controlled growth for the next one year. The simple structure to be adopted by the company will provide a great deal of flexibility resulting in few coordination problems hence quick reaction to changes in the market. 7.3 Cash flow projection for the year 2011 Jan Feb Mar April May June July August Sep Oct Nov Dec Total CASH IN Cash carried Forward 300 1,866.67 1,733.34 1,800.01 1,851.68 1,903.35 2,005.02 2,056.69 2,088.36 2,180.03 2,216.7 2,303.37 22,305.22 LOAN 2,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,000 Cash from Sales 200 600 800 850 850 900 900 900 1,000 1,000 1,050 1,100 10,150 CASH OUT Salary 350 450 450 510 510 510 510 510 550 550 550 550 6,000 Rent 40 40 40 45 45 45 45 45 45 50 50 50 540 Office Running Costs 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 70 70 70 70 70 700 LOAN PAYMENT 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 1,120 Drawings 100 100 100 100 100 100 150 150 150 200 200 200 1,650 CASH BALANCE 1,566.67 -133.33 66.67 51.67 51.67 101.67 51.67 31.67 91.67 36.67 86.67 136.67 2,140.04 CUMULATIVE 1,866.67 1,733.34 1,800.01 1,851.68 1,903.35 2,005.02 2,056.69 2,088.36 2,180.03 2,216.7 2,303.37 2,440.04 NOTE: All values are in $ (00) 7.3 Cash flow projection for the year 2011 Jan Feb Mar April May June July August Sep Oct Nov Dec Total CASH IN Cash carried Forward 2,440.04 2,487.79 2,535.54 2,583.29 2,631.04 2,678.79 2,726.54 2,774.29 2,822.04 2,869.79 2,917.54 2,965.29 32,431.98 LOAN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cash from Sales 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 13,195 CASH OUT Salary 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 7,800 Rent 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 702 Office Running Costs 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 700 LOAN PAYMENT 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 1,120 Drawings 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 2,400 CASH BALANCE 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 473.04 CUMULATIVE 2,487.79 2,535.54 2,583.29 2,631.04 2,678.79 2,726.54 2,774.29 2,822.04 2,869.79 2,917.54 2,965.29 3,013.04 NOTE: All values are in $ (00) 7.3 Cash flow projection for the year 2012 Jan Feb Mar April May June July August Sep Oct Nov Dec Total CASH IN Cash carried Forward 3,013.04 3,196.49 3,379.94 3,563.39 3,746.84 3,930.29 4,113.74 4,297.19 4,480.64 4,664.09 4,847.54 5,030.99 48,264.18 LOAN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cash from Sales 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 17,153.5 CASH OUT Salary 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 10,140 Rent 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 912.6 Office Running Costs 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 900 LOAN PAYMENT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Drawings 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 3,000 CASH BALANCE 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 2,201.4 CUMULATIVE 3,196.49 3,379.94 3,563.39 3,746.84 3,930.29 4,113.74 4,297.19 4,480.64 4,664.09 4,664.09 5,030.99 5,214.44 NOTE: All values are in $ (00) 9.6 break-even levels Cheese Cakes Chocolate and Fresh Cream Cakes Health Cakes Brownies Revenue 6,342,000 1,080,000 1,000,000 1,008,000 720,000 Selling Price (SP)/unit 32 56 32,250 70 80 Units 198,188 19,286 31 14,400 9,000 Variable cost/unit à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦.. 54 28,375 à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦ 15 Variable cost à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦.. 1,041,444 879,625 à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦ 135,000 Contribution 6,342,000 38,556 120,375 1,008,000 585,000 Weighted Average Contribution (WAC) = total contribution/total revenue (Johnson Turner, 2003). = $ 80,939.31/$ 101,500 = 0.8 Break Even-Point (BEP) = Fixed cost/WAC = 90,500 Units 9.7 Measurement of profitability 9.7.1 Operating profit margin Operating profit margin = (operating profit/Revenue) x100 First year: Operating profit margin = (1,400/101,500) x 100 = 1.38% Second year: Operating profit margin = (4,730/131,950) x 100 = 3.58% Third year: Operating profit margin = (22,009/171,530) x 100 = 12.83% 9.7.2 Current Ratio Current Ratio = Current assets/Current liabilities Projected Current Ratio by the end December 31, 2011 = 21,000/11,200 = 1.875 9.7.3 Return On Investment (ROI) Return On Investment (ROI) = Net Profit/Investment Return On Investment (ROI) for the ended December 31, 2010 = 1400/23,000 = 0.06 Rufus Brownhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14849626316229795692noreply@blogger.com0