Drug Abuse Should Be Considered A Brain Disease - 1360 Words

Drug misuse and abuse has fueled a controversial issue to arise amongst physicians, psychiatrists, and general citizens. Sally Satel, a methadone clinic psychiatrist in Washington D.C., wrote an interesting article titled â€Å"The Human Factor† in which she discusses the debate on whether drug addiction should be considered a brain disease or not. Satel believes that treatment for addicts should focus on treating them as humans with control over their lives, as opposed to treating them as people with an uncontrollable disease. Satel first addresses the social and economic consequences in the United States resulting from drug abuse. Annually, it accumulates over $200 billion dollars in expenses, $129 billion in lost workplace productivity costs, and $16 billion in healthcare costs. Altogether, it adds up to 3% of the total Gross Domestic Product. The U.S. government puts forth an effort to cut drug abuse through two different methods: supply and demand reduction. Supply reduct ion deals with limiting the availability of the drugs themselves, while demand reduction tries to prevent drug use from starting and also treat drug abusers who have already become accustomed to drug use. Then, Satel reveals that her job in the methadone clinic is to help heroin addicts with treatment and keep them from returning to heroin. She claims the most significant issue is getting addicts and former addicts to stop desiring the drug. In opposition to Sally’s belief, the National Institute on DrugShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Drug Addiction1074 Words   |  5 PagesDrug abuse is a rampant problem in the United States. Drug usage and consumption has grown over the years. Drug addiction is a dilemma that has greatly increased among our current day society. Addiction is a serious problem. This can be defined as continued involvement with a substance or activity despite ongoing negative consequence. Narcotics like marijuana, heroin, crystal meth and crack cocaine are gen erally called drugs. Men and woman either take these drugs orally or inhale them. Drugs, otherRead MoreDrug Addiction1473 Words   |  6 PagesIs drug addiction is a disease, not a choice? Or it is a choice and not a disease? Drug Addiction has become a serious issue in society today, with an increase in controversy leading towards the topic of whether drug addiction is a disease or a choice. Addiction and disease are two different things and understanding them is very important when it comes to drugs and how it affects the mind and body. Several people tend to jump the gun and think that drug addiction is a disease, when in fact it isRead More Understanding Addiction Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagesbe solved with social solutions, i.e. incarceration. But, scientific evidence argues otherwise: addiction is a brain disease. â€Å"The World Health Organization has defined addiction as ‘A state, psychic and sometimes also physical, resulting in the interaction between a living organism and a drug, characterized by behavioral and other responses that always include a compulsion to take the drug on a continuous or periodic basis in order to experience its psychic effects, and sometimes to avoid the discomfortRead MoreThe Disastrous Effects Of Parental Drug Addiction On Children1478 Words   |  6 PagesThe Disastrous Impact of Parental Drug Addiction on Children Drug addiction is a serious issue in not only America today, but globally. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, substance addiction is a â€Å"chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite the harmful consequences† (â€Å"What is drug addiction?†). Drug abuse affects not only the user, but those around the user as well. The actions of a drug user place a significant amount of worryRead MoreThe Effects Of Drug Abuse Among Adolescents1423 Words   |  6 PagesDrug abuse among adolescents is a growing problem in the United States with a staggering amount of teens falling victim to the vicious cycle of drug abuse. Teens are subjected to pressure from their peers and have the misconception that using drugs are cool and free of consequences. Therefore, teens begin to experiment with drugs and alcohol at an early age and often times don’t think about the negative stigma associated with drug abuse. Un fortunately, even casual use of drugs and alcohol canRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagesdependence and abuse are often used interchangeably with addiction, addiction is a disease that deserves recognition as a separate entity. Historically, addiction’s definition has mistakenly seemed to include an element of choice; the addict chose to do it to themselves, so if they could just get a hold of themselves, set their mind to it and quit cold turkey, their addiction would suddenly disappear. Studies have shown however, that â€Å"addiction is a complex condition, a chronic brain disease that is manifestedRead MoreArgumentative Essay Addiction1629 Words   |  7 Pagesaddiction receives little to no treatment. According to the article Treating Addiction as a Chronic Disease, †Health officials estimate 22 million people in the U.S. abuse alcohol or drugs or both and only around 10 percent of them are in treatment.† Deciding whether addiction is deserving of jail time or necessary treatment is a huge controversy in our world today. Will naming addiction as a disease end the stigma of addicts and provide a better environment for them to seek help? Addiction hasRead MoreEssay On Addiction And Alcohol810 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion Drug and alcohol addiction can be described as a chronic, often relapsing brain disease that causes compulsive drug seeking and use, and difficult to control use of these substances despite harmful consequences to the drug addict and those around them. Addiction is a brain disease since the abuse of drugs and alcohol results to changes in the structure and function of the brain which challenges a persons ability to resist the desire to take the drugs or even to control the number of drugs or alcoholRead MoreDrug Addiction777 Words   |  4 Pages Is drug addiction a choice or a disease? This polemical topic has been in the media for many years and has provoked many debates to ascertain the whole thing. Many researchers have concluded being a drug addict is a disease that is only cured by â€Å"feeding the habit†. Conversely, there are researchers who assert that drug addiction is just a choice. Having thoroughly taken into consideration both sides of the arguments and doing my own research, my stand remains that being a drug addict is undisputedlyRead MoreThe Problem Of Drug Addiction952 Words   |  4 Pagestaking drugs can vary and while the action itself is voluntary: the eventual drug addiction is essentially involuntary. Drug addiction is a complex and chronic disease, a brain disease, which changes the way the brain functions. Drug addiction, much like chronic illnesses such as heart disease and diabetes, disrupts healthy, normal functioning organs. This has harmful consequences that are both preventable and tre atable (Branch, 2011, pp.263-265). Drug addiction is considered a brain disease as drugs

Comparison Between Schools And Prisons - 1732 Words

Schools Vs Prisons The United States prison population has grown from approximately 500,000 to 2.3 million people in three decades. The us spends almost $70 billion dollars yearly to put adults in prison and jails. They also put 7.3 million people on probation and parole. California has the largest prison population rate in the country, with more than 170,000 people behind bars. More than a billion dollars is spent every year to incarcerate people from a community in Los Angeles . 40% of students expelled from schools each year are black. 70% of students are involved in â€Å"in school† arrest. 2 x black and latino students are twice as likely to not graduate than white students 68% of all males in federal prison do not have a high school diploma The yearly cost to incarcerate one child is $88,000 and the yearly cost of public education for one child is $10,600 The school-to-prison pipeline is exactly how it sounds it is a system that pushes students out of classrooms and into jail. In kensington droup outs , unemployment, Poverty, and Crime 13,000 young adults between the ages 20 - 24 3,000 high school dropouts 23 philadelphia schools were closed Pennsylvania spends at least 463.8 million more on prisons than schools. Benefits to students Free health care (no) Internet access (yes) Weight room (no) Cable television (no) Access to library (yes) Free sports programs (no) Computer lab (yes) Laundry services (yes) Funding to earn a degree (no) free housing (no) threeShow MoreRelatedA Brief Comparison of Jails and Prisons785 Words   |  3 PagesBrief Comparison of Jails Prisons A Brief Comparison of Jails Prisons It is common knowledge that one of the primary penalties of violating the law is incarceration. Civilians, those who are not in the business of law enforcement, and even some professionals in the criminal justice field, throw around the terms jail and prison quite often, using them interchangeably. Jails and prisons are not the same. This paper will elucidate some of the primary differences between jails and prisons as wellRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Juvenile Offenders988 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile crime is at its lowest level since 1987, falling 30% between 1994 and 1998. Therefore it is only fair to acknowledge that the criminal justice system has made tremendous strides in it’s treatment of the typical juvenile offender. For example, there was once a time when there was no separation between the treatment of both juvenile and adult offenders. Meanwhile today we have separate courts for juveniles and adults which I feel is a step in the right direction because it enforcesRead MoreDrug Decriminalization And Its Effects On America1543 Words   |  7 Pagesopium for diseases and issues relating to gastrointestinal issues and eye abnormalities (McGovern, et al.). Whether drugs were used for recreational purposes or for medicinal uses is left in the history. Prohibition in the United States occurred between 1920 and 1933. During this time period, the sale of alcohol was prohibited. Prior to legislation outlawing alcohol, drug related crimes to alcohol were at a lull. As claimed by Connor Boyack, â€Å"the federal 3prison population increased by 366 percent†Read MoreThe Major Relationships Of Criminal Behavior1532 Words   |  7 Pagesare all conflicting. Knowing the relationship between the two can allow us to know what ages are most likely to do certain crimes and what ages are most likely to do crime in general. That will allow us to prepare age groups and teach them right from wrong. If we know a person at 18 years old is most likely to perform a certain type of crime we can correctly educate people around that age about crime and re-teach right from wrong. Whether it is in school or neighborhood programs, we can correctly prepareRead MoreRehabilitation of Sex Offenders1113 Words   |  5 Pagesreport being sexually, emotion ally, or physically abused as a child in comparison to other offenders. There are also other factors besides abuse that must be taken into consideration. A recent study on female sex offenders by Roe-Sepowitz and Krysik (2008) states, â€Å"the data reveal that many of the 118 female juvenile sex offenders came from chaotic and disorganized families and had poor parental supervision and serious school and mental health problems†. As Becerra-Garcà ­a, Garcà ­a-Leà ³n and Egan (2012)Read MoreThe Civil Rights Act Of 19641689 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular, Chicago, the third largest city in the United States, poses interesting dynamics concerning this question. For one, the city consistently has high crime and murder rates in specific areas, while other parts of the city show low rates in comparison. One researcher Richard Reeves states, Even in a country marked by high levels of segregation, Chicago stands out (qtd. in Luhby). Therefore, many would agree that laws prohibit ing segregation didn’t necessarily get rid of it. These laws, suchRead MoreThe Hispanic Education Crisis998 Words   |  4 Pages More and more research has uncovered magnanimous evidence that our education system is failing the students and thus creating a pipeline away from success and higher education and into gangs, prison and poverty. From 2011-12 alone Latinos made up almost a quarter of the enrolled students in public schools, Hispanic status dropout rate was 13% (higher than both African Americans at 8% and Whites at 4%), and 5% of all doctoral degrees conferred were earned by Latinos. (NCES, Digest of Education StatisticsRead MoreWe Can Not Deny Society s Progression Of Social Equality Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesCA over the course of three years. During the three years he noticed the young men he shadowed were continually stopped and questioned by police. Rios also noted the lack of educational support by school faculty. The forty males studied reported some fo rm of negative involvement with police and school officials. What seems clear in how these young males are treated by authority figures is how they are stereotyped by society. Race is the most prominent factor, along with gender, economic backgroundRead MoreClassification of Gangs847 Words   |  4 Pagesapproaches to classifications of gangs and evaluates how these classifications provide specific insights or information about gangs in a community. Discussion In order to evaluate classification of gangs, the foremost task is to determine difference between a gang and a team. A team is a group of individuals who partners for a common (Egan Beadman, 2011). The concept of team is mainly used in organization and sports to describe a group of people working or playing together. A team is rather formalRead More Educational Programs In Prisons Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pages Educational Programs in Prisons nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"It is not a surprise to see that prisoners all have a low education level. I guess a more educated person has enough sense not to be involved with crime†¦the relationship between crime and education is easy to see when viewing these facts† (Cordes 1). This is the view of most people when asked why people are in prison. People simply say that criminals were ill educated. As hard as we may try, we cannot do a lot about what happens before

Hotels and the Environment Free Essays

string(102) " shed light on the work that has already been done in this field by various hotels and organizations\." HOTEL INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT By VASUNDHARA TANWAR LITERATURE REVIEW When we talk of hotels we never think that something like that could have an impact on the environment and people would spend millions of rupees and infinite number of hours to deal with this so called impact. However this is absolutely the case. The seemingly small problem is literally taking the world by storm. We will write a custom essay sample on Hotels and the Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now So much so that national governments, hotels and even the UN are taking steps in order to find solutions to this problem. Extensive research has been done in the recent years by economists and scientists etc to come up with the most sustainable ways to run hotels since the degradation of the environment is a major concern worldwide. Papers like â€Å"An analysis of environmental management, organizational context and performance of Spanish hotels† by M. J. Alvarez which addresses the factors that determine the deployment of environmental management practices and its effects on firms’ financial performance have been published. Results find support for the notion that age of facilities, size, chain affiliation, stakeholder environmental pressures, and their use of operations management techniques exert a lasting influence on the degree of implementation of environmental management practices by hotel firms. Moreover, findings show a positive relationship between environmental management practices and firms’ financial performance. Various other economists in different countries have drawn similar conclusions. The United Nations environment programme also published a guide â€Å"how the hotel and tourism industry can protect the ozone layer†. Environmental Good Practice in Hotels, published by UNEP IE and the International Hotel Restaurant Association (IHRA), presents 15 case studies selected from the IHRA annual Environmental Award. The case studies document environmental programmes initiated by independent hotels and international chains across the globe – in Australia, Asia, Africa, Europe and North America. Action areas include environmental policy, design and construction, water, energy, waste, emissions, purchasing, staff training, and guest communication. The range of environmental initiatives featured is extensive, from simple recycling easures to water conservation using the latest technology, and from resorts built to strict environmental guidelines, to small hotels where the personal commitment of the general manager drives environmental activities. All case studies highlight the environmental and economic benefits gained by the actions taken. Also included are examples of environmental initiatives take n by national hotel associations, and a list of sources on environmental management publications and programmes in the hotel industry. These are just some examples of what is being said and done by organizations that observe what is going on. The actual participants, the hotels, are also not far behind. Many hotels have come up with various innovative ways to contribute to the betterment of the environment. Some of them have won various awards for this very purpose. Hotels now days strive to achieve the ECOTEL ® certification which is primarily the hallmark for environmentally sensitive hotels. One of the pioneers in such activities would be the orchid group of hotels. However, there are others that strive to achieve excellence in this cause and some have been quite successful too. INTRODUCTION Most countries rely heavily on the services sector for its growth. A major part of this sector is tourism. Tourism is one of the leading growth sectors of the economy and brings in billions of dollars for developing countries. When we talk about tourism we can hardly isolate it from talk of hotels. Hotels in a sense are synonymous with tourism and one cannot be talked about without reference to the other. The growth of the tourism industry has greatly increased the amount of stress on the environment. Now each individual has varying degrees of impact on the environment which largely depends on the personal choices made by individuals and is scattered world over. The same is true for hotels. They have an effect on the biodiversity right from its conception. This makes it imperative for us to study exactly how and where do hotels affect our environment, what can be done to reduce this impact and how aware is the current generation of hotels regarding this issue. Taking the example of India we see that as a result of increasing tourism in Goa, developers built several hotels. The hotels soon drew up to 66,000 gallons of water per day from wells and other local sources. Many of the wells and rivers the community had relied on went dry. This is a common problem in many areas where tourism runs into the limits of natural resources. With various such instances in several parts of the world today, ECOTOURISM—tourism that is nature-oriented and environmentally focused—is growing rapidly. This represents a growing market for environmentally friendly options in the tourism industry. Ecotourism aside, many in the hotel industry have recognized the negative impact their business activities have on the environment and have taken action to alleviate those impacts. Environmentally responsible business practices dovetail well with the newfound popularity of ecotourism. They harmonize tourism and environmental sustainability. This awareness has given rise to what can be called the â€Å"GREEN HOTELS†. The term â€Å"green hotels† describes hotels that strive to be more environment friendly through the efficient use of energy, water, and materials while providing quality services. Green hotels conserve and preserve by saving water, reducing energy use, and reducing solid waste. They have seen benefits such as reduced costs and liabilities, high return and low-risk investments, increased profits, and positive cash flows. Identifying these benefits and incentives has allowed the popularity of green hotels to grow. Hotels are consistently becoming greener. The most costly and wasteful use of resources in hotels are usually in the consumption of nonrenewable energy, excessive water use, and the generation of waste. Through this paper we would try to point out the complex nature of the impact that hotels have on our environment and the steps that can be taken in order to minimize this impact as much as possible. We would also like to shed light on the work that has already been done in this field by various hotels and organizations. You read "Hotels and the Environment" in category "Papers" Many organizations have done commendable work in trying to reduce their ecological footprint and have, in some sense, become pioneers and inspiration for others. For instance, the orchid group of hotels is pretty known for the kind of work it does. IMPACTS Tourism has a fairly large environmental footprint. Hotels, being at the heart of it, shoulder the responsibility for this. The following table shows that hotels are responsible for 21% of total emissions generated by tourism industry. These just constitute one part of their impact which in reality has many layers and levels to it. The hotels have an impact on the biodiversity at each stage of its life cycle, right from planning to its closure. These impacts could be summarized as follows: At the planning stage, the most important issue in determining the level of impact that a hotel will have relates to choices about its location and design. Even the most sustainably operated hotel will have major impacts if it is built in a biodiversity-sensitive area. Choices about the materials that will be used to construct the hotel, where those materials will come from and the total physical footprint of the hotel will also influence how significant its impacts will be in the operational stage. At the construction stage, impact is determined by the size and location of the area cleared for development and where construction activities are taking place, the choice of construction methods, the sources and amount and type of materials, water and energy used to build the hotel, the location of temporary camps for construction workers, inadequate storage facilities for construction materials, the amount of construction waste that has to be disposed of, and other types of damage such as surface soil erosion or compaction caused by construction activities or disruption of natural water flows and drainage patterns. In the operational stage, a hotel’s impact comes mainly from the energy, water, food and other resources that are consumed in running the hotel, by the solid and liquid wastes it produces, by the way its grounds are managed, and by the direct impacts of its guests. In addition, regular renovation and replacement of furniture, appliances and facilities can cause impacts through purchasing choices and increased waste generation. Using energy and water more efficiently, using organic and sustainably produced food, reducing, treating and disposing of waste appropriately, making sustainable purchasing decisions and managing gardens with natural-style plantings can all help a hotel to reduce its adverse impacts on biodiversity. Similarly, a hotel’s relationship with host communities not only affects the sustainable operations of the hotel but also the use of environmental resources by communities themselves. At the closure stage, a hotel’s impacts come from the disposal of materials removed from the hotel to refurbish it, convert it for other uses, or demolish it, nd from the work involved in these activities. It may be possible to reuse and recycle some materials, but there may also be some toxic materials, particularly from older buildings, which will require careful handling and management. A responsible hotel operator should also foresee supporting activities of ecological restoration as requir ed. Responsible siting and design, the effective management of energy and water consumption, and the proper disposal of wastewater and solid waste are important challenges for any hotel hoping to improve the sustainability of its operations. Now even though a hotel has environmental impact through different stages of its lifecycle the most easily cited and the longest running impact that they have is at their operational stage since once a hotel has been built, it stays in the business for very many years under normal circumstances. The day to day running has impacts which are a lot times ignored in the overall picture. This mostly becomes the case because individually, hotels do not have a significant impact on the environment. Collectively however, they can be very wasteful and use huge amount of resources. It has been estimated that seventy-five percent of hotels’ environmental impacts can be directly related to excessive consumption. This is wasteful in terms of resources and creates unnecessary operational costs. The three key areas of environmental impact are energy, water, and waste. Energy – Excessive energy use is extremely costly and with minor adjustments, it can lead to massive cost savings. According to Gossling et. al. (2005), â€Å"the average energy consumption per bed per night in hotels might be in the order of 130 Mega joules. Hotels generally use more energy per visitor that local residents, as they have energy intense facilities, such as bars, restaurants, and pools, and have more spacious rooms. Studies have determined that a hotel emits an average 20. 6 kg of carbon dioxide per night. Waste – A study conducted by Bohdanowicz(2005) also indentified that hotels are not only resource intensive and that waste generation is on e of the most visible effects on the environment. One estimate identified that â€Å"an average hotel produces in excess of one kilogram of waste per guest per day†. Approximately thirty percent of waste in hotels can be diverted through reuse and recycling. Water  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Tourists and residents alike require a clean and dependable supply of water for survival including drinking, cooking and cleansing. However, water is integral to the amenities usually expected by tourists, such as swimming pools, landscaped gardens, and golf courses. Water also supports industries such as agriculture that support the tourism industry (Pigram, 1995). Thus, tourists demand more water than local resident s on a per capita basis (Essex, Kent ; Newnham, 2004). It has been estimated by Salen (1995) that 15,000 cubic meters of water would typically supply 100 rural farmers for three years and 100 urban families for two years, yet only supply 100 luxury hotel guests for less than two months (Holden, 2000). In dryer regions, tourists’ water consumption can amount to 440 liters a day per tourist, which is almost double the average amount of water used by residents in Spain (UNEP, 2008). In destinations that do not have the required infrastructure and systems to manage these impacts, severe degradation of the environment can occur. The following table summarizes the environmental impact of the day to day workings of any hotel Service/Activity| Description| Main Environmental Impacts| Administration| Hotel management Reception of clients| Energy, water and materials (mainly paper) Generation of waste and hazardous waste (toner cartridges)| Technical Services| Equipment for producing hot water and heating Air conditioning Lighting Swimming pools Green areas Mice and insect extermination Repairs and maintenance| Energy and water consumption Consumption and generation of a wide range of hazardous products Air and soil emissions Generation of waste water Pesticides use| Restaurant/bar| Breakfast, lunch, dinner Beverages and snacks| Energy, water and raw materials consumption Packaging waste Organic waste| Kitchen| Food conservation Food preparation Dish washing| Consumption of energy and water Packaging waste Oil waste Organic waste Generation of odours| Room Use| Use by guests Products for guests’ use Housekeeping| Energy, water and raw materials consumption Use of hazardous products Generation of waste packaging Generation of waste water| Laundry| Washing and ironing of guest clothes Washing and ironing of hotel linens| Consumption of energy and water Use of hazardous cleaning products Generation of waste water  | (Graci, 2009) This gives us a clear enough picture of the ecological impacts of hotels. Thus it becomes imperative that each hotel recognizes them and takes initiative to curb these impacts. With the growth of the tourism sector all over the world and with more and more hotels coming up each day these small things become issues of epic proportions when looked at collectively. In a time when our environment is in a very fragile condition one can’t ignore such a situation. The sooner hotels realize this the better it would be. However, these issues were not even brought to light till very recently. The annual hospitality consultants’ conference in 2007 did not even mention any of the environmental issues that plagued hotels in their top 10 problems of the industry. BEST PRACTICES There are many green practices that hotels can implement and they also help save unnecessary costs. There can be many ways in which a hotel can reduce its footprint. Some of them can be: * Not discharging waste in water bodies – prevents pollution. * Recycling Use of compact fluorescent lights – saves energy. * Reuse of linens – saves water, detergent, energy and greenhouse gases. * Low-flow shower systems – saves water and energy. * Local products – save transportation costs. * Installation of green roofs – saves energy. * Installation of solar heaters or other renewable energy source – saves energy. These points are jus t a brief outline to what can really be done in order to go green. The possibilities as such are endless. There are some more sophisticated and cost heavy methods that can also be undertaken. BENEFITS OF GOING GREEN Cost benefits Financial savings are one of the most significant factors that influence the implementation of environmental initiatives in a hotel. This is especially evident for hotel businesses that operate in a highly competitive market and where the cost of energy, water and waste disposal are high. Hotel operators that can maximize their efficiency and reduce waste will be more cost-effective than their competitors. Hotels also use large amounts of energy to keep guests cool in hot temperatures, and equally large amounts of energy to keep them warm during the winter. In some destinations, hotels place an additional, sometimes unsustainable demand on local water resources and generate large quantities of food and packaging waste. Despite the setup costs and the possible lengthy return on investment associated with environmental initiatives, the economic benefits usually outweigh the cost of implementation. Starting with projects that are less capital intensive – such as retrofitting light bulbs, energy metering, and training staff to be conscious of energy use – can lead to substantial cost savings. Competitive advantage Green programs can provide a competitive advantage to leaders as long as green activities continue to be voluntary. Over time, however, green practices in the hospitality industry will become a baseline requirement, particularly as the cost of non-renewable energy continues to rise, regulatory pressure increases, and consumers become more demanding. Therefore, hotels with business models that revolve around green practices will have the strongest opportunity to achieve a competitive advantage by being ahead of the emerging sustainability curve. Employee retention Employees are identified as one of the greatest benefits of going green. Employees, like hotel guests, are increasingly sophisticated and â€Å"tuned† into current thinking in society and are far more likely to identify with an employer whose principles and practices are aligned with their values. Environmental programs have proved to be an effective means of generating enthusiasm and motivating staff to work as a team to achieve a common purpose. Many hotel companies use environmental programs as a staff incentive – the financial savings earned are translated into cash or other rewards such as in-house events or trips. Employee turnover rate in the hotel sector is relatively high therefore increasing the retention rate will also save the business money in training of new staff. Customer loyalty There has been a shift in the expectations and demands of consumers. The typical hotel guest of today is more sophisticated and to varying degrees is likely to be concerned about environmental issues such as recycling bottles, cans and paper at home as well as making greener lifestyle choices, such as organic food or fuel-efficient vehicles. Many guests however, make their decision to stay at a hotel facility based on location, amenities, and service. The implementation of environmental initiatives may play a smaller role in a guest’s choice of a property. The influence from customers however occurs when their level of awareness increases and they come to expect environmental practices such as recycling. Despite first-time guests basing their decisions on location, amenities and service, customer loyalty may increase once they have experienced a hotel which has demonstrated a level of environmental commitment. Regulatory compliance Hotels must anticipate future regulatory changes and implement initiatives to mitigate the possible costly effects of emerging regulation. Savvy businesses are aware that regulations do not have to be a negative restraint on their daily operations – in fact, they can offer opportunities to gain an advantage over competitors. Some environmental regulations are good for economic competition as they stimulate innovation that can offset the cost of compliance. By implementing measures in the face of societal and egulatory pressures, unexpected, but substantial cost savings as well as potential new areas of profit may be found. The hotel industry worldwide is increasingly being regulated for waste, water, energy use and greenhouse gas emission. Being aware of pending rule changes will allow you to adopt measures in advance, and avoid potentially higher future costs which may be associated with compliance. Risk management Risk minimization is now viewed as incr easingly intertwined with good corporate social responsibility and governance. Managing risk is as much about minimizing the potential damage from decisions and actions taken from within a company as it is about managing external exposure. Traditionally, a hotel’s risk management strategy has been focused on health and safety concerns around food and water, pest infestation, fire or water damage, outbreaks of disease, and guest security and safety. In recent years however, environmental and social issues are emerging as a key risk issue for the lodging sector. Environmental risks include: * Water and land contamination. * Air and noise pollution. Supply chain environmental practices. * Waste management. Environmental risks also have an impact on the cost of capital for businesses of various types and sizes, and may affect the value of a company over the long term. In addition, the investment community is increasingly regarding excellence in environmental management and performance as an indication of the quality and aptitude of management in general. Som e insurance companies and lenders are beginning to selectively adjust their rates based on environmental criteria stipulated by ethical funds. Companies that integrate the environment into their business decisions and reduce their environmental risk and potential liabilities are in a better position to secure investment and reduce their financial and reputational market exposure (Graci and Dodds, 2009). Cause it’s the right thing to do! Beyond regulation and compliance, many environmental and social initiatives are voluntary. Whether driven by cost savings or a principled strategy, the hotel industry is recognizing the environment, the community and their human capital as a valuable resource to be protected. Long-term business sustainability will depend on this. Many hotels have implemented social initiatives and corporate social responsibility (CSR) into their regular day-to-day practices. Corporate social responsibility in the hotel industry ideally exists in human resources management, the local community, and through promoting and practicing environmental initiatives and is heavily influenced by internal and external forces. CSR has been widely expanding throughout the hotel industry, mainly to prove that corporate unethical behavior is no longer a problem. Thus, hotels are embarking on being ethical through social initiatives by protecting and supporting communities, their human resources, and by implementing environmental initiatives. Many international and local hotels are becoming involved in corporate social responsibility in order to extend their brand knowledge to different types of audiences, to gain employee retention and improved competitive advantage, and lastly because it is â€Å"the right thing to do†. Sixty-five percent of the top 100 companies in the world employ some sort of corporate social responsibility statement featured on their websites. Several multinational companies have gained a very negative brand reputation based on their past unethical practices. Larger companies have been criticized as being the main culprit in releasing excess greenhouse emissions, climate change, environmental devastation, and unfair treatment of employees. Due to such criticisms and negative publicity, many businesses have increased the focus on corporate social responsibility. HIGH ACHIEVERS When it comes to hotels that are environmentally sustainable the first name that comes to mind is the Orchid group of hotels. The Orchid  became Asia’s first Five Star hotel to win the ECOTEL ® certification shortly after opening in May of 1997 and today (January 2011) is the only Hotel in the World to win over  80  international / national awards in 13 years from inception. Under the management of  The Orchid  Owner Vithal Kamat, the hotel has earned more environmental accolades than any other hotel in the world. With this latest achievement,  The Orchid  becomes one of only six hotels in the world to maintain top-level, â€Å"five-globe,† ECOTEL ®-Certification. Though orchid group is a pioneer in environmentally friendly hotels, others ave also done substantial work. The fern group of hotels in India being one of them. The Uppal in New Delhi, Seasons in Pune etc are other ecotel hotels. Various international hotels are also actively involved in such projects that put environmental sustainability at its fore. In conclusion it can be said that though environmental sustainabi lity is big problem that is plaguing the hospitality industry, it’s still not too late to correct the situation. References * www. uneptie. org * http://www. concepthospitality. com * Accor 2010, ‘Child Protection’. Retrieved February 04, 2010 from  http://www. accor. com/en/sustainable-development/ego-priorities/child-protection. html * Alexander, S 2002, Green Hotels: Opportunities and Resources for Success. Portland: Zero Waste Alliance. * Bohdanowicz, P 2005, ‘European Hoteliers’ Environmental Attitudes: Greening the Business, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 188-204. * Bohdanowicz, P 2006, ‘Environmental Awareness and Initiatives in the Swedish and Polish Hotel Industries – Survey Results’ International Journal of Hospitality Management, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 662-668. * Bohdanowicz, P. and Zientara, P. 2008, ‘Corporate Social Responsibility in Hospitality: Issues and Implications. A Case Study of Scandic’ Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 271-293. * Brebbia, C. A. and Pineda, F. D. 2004, Sustainable Tourism. WIT Press, Boston. * Claver- Cortes, E. , Molina-Azorin, J. F. P ereira-Moliner, J. , Lopez-Gamero, M. D. 2007, ‘Environmental Strategies and Their Impact on Hotel Performance’ Journal of Sustainable Tourism. , vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 663-679. * Dodds, R. 005, Barriers to the Implementation of Sustainable Tourism Policy in Destinations. University of Surrey School of Management, Surrey. * Essex, S. , Kent, M. , ; Newnham, R. 2004, ‘Tourism development in Mallorca: Is water supply a constraint? ‘ Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol 12, no. 1, pp. 4-28. * Fairmont Hotel and Resorts 2001, The Green Partnership Guide. A Practical Guide to Greening your Hotel, 2nd edition, Toronto * Fairmont Hotels and Resorts 2008, Corporate Responsibility. Retrieved February 04, 2010, fromhttp://www. fairmont. com/EN_FA/AboutFairmont/enviroment/Awards/CorporateEn How to cite Hotels and the Environment, Papers

School Prayer Question Essay Example For Students

School Prayer Question Essay Contrary to the claims, students have the Constitutional right to pray inschool, either individually or in informal groups so long as the prayer is notorganized by the school. But if the students only knew what they were reallydoing by praying in school. II. First of all they are going against the Bible. As to quote, Matthew 6:5-6: And when you pray, do not be like thehypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the streetcorners. But when you pray, go into your room, close the door and praySo as you can see those who pray in places such as the cafeteria, middle of thehall or things of that nature is actually going against the bible. Now I am notsaying that a person should not pray in schools, but they should do it just asthe Bible says in a personal place. If a student cant find a personal place,and have an undesirable need to pray, they need to not make a big deal out ofit. Praying as put in the Bible is a personal experience between that person andGod. Not an event to be proclaimed up and down the hallway. III. Another problemthere is with praying in schools is the fact that there are some students whodont believe in God. The purpose of a democracy is to have the majority decidebut yet always respect the rights of the minority. Some administrators,teachers, parents, and most importantly, kids, just feel uncomfortable when itcomes to religion. Several factors could be attributed to this problem, from toomany religions and religious theories to religious pressure to lack thereof. Butwhatever the reason some people feel offended by seeing these students pray. They think that their rights are being infringed upon. Well in example, if ashirt some student is wearing offends a person they tell someone about beingoffended. Someone else is also offended and so they tell someone. These 2 peopleinfluenced by what they have heard tell more people. This chain reactioncontinues until that kind of shirt is not allowed in schools, in exampleMarilynn Manson shirts. The minority there is the students wanting to wear theshirts; the majority is the people offended by it. The majority spoke and theminority is told to fallow. But now it is the minority being offended no onecares to do anything about it. IV. The last problem I have are the advocates ofschool prayer say that without it there is moral decline, blaming the absence ofschool prayer for everything from low SAT scores to teenage pregnancy. But itjust wont work. In fact, legislated school prayer would make things worse. Fora school to require students to recite, for example, a Christian prayer would give Christianity a special status, implying that other religions are somehowinferior. One religion would be pitted against another, conflicts would arise,and intolerance would grow. The only palatable compromise in a directed publicschool prayer would be a watered-down prayer that would be meaningless to thedeeply religious and an infringement on those who follow no religion. Some ofour senators are trying to pass an amendment in have school prayer required. Butthe First Amendment begins Congress shall make no law respecting anestablishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof Ifwe were to have this school wide required prayer we would be in essanceestablishing a religion. And even though what they are trying to pass is aconstitutional amendment it goes against on of the main things our forefatherscame here for. The First Amendment is one of the finest laws man has everwritten. For over two hundred years, it continues to mean exactly what it wasoriginally intended t o mean: Religion and other fundamental rights should remainbeyond the reach of majorities and governments, and certainly not subjected tothe political whims of Congress. .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .postImageUrl , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:hover , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:visited , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:active { border:0!important; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:active , .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920 .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u536995e3e9ffea91b63429835b145920:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Medical Devices FDA EssayBibliographyFAQ. Prayer in Schools. http://www.atheists.org/schoolhouse/faqs.prayer.html. Downloaded December 16, 1999 Maryland teen walks out of Graduation overPrayer. Prayer in schools. http://www.freedomforum.org/religion/1999/5/28mdgradprayer.aspDownloaded December 16, 1999 Smudge Report. Bible verse. http://www.smudgereport.com/longstories/prayer.htmlDownloaded December 16, 1999 Bible Belivers should oppose schoolprayer. School Prayer. http://users.cnmnetwork.com/lotl2k/prayer.htmlDownloaded December 16, 1999 The Bible and Public Prayer. PublicPrayer. http://www.religioustolerance.org/prayer.htm. Downloaded December 16,1999Religion

Baiji - Facts and Figures

Baiji - Facts and Figures Name: Baiji; also known as Lipotes vexilifer, the Chinese River Dolphin and the Yangtze River Dolphin Habitat: Yangtze River of China Historical Epoch: Late Miocene-Modern (20 million-10 years ago) Size and Weight: Up to eight feet long and 500 pounds Diet: Fish Distinguishing Characteristics: Moderate size; long snout About the Baiji The Baijialso known as the Chinese River Dolphin, the Yangtze River Dolphin and (less frequently) by its species name, Lipotes vexiliferoccupies that unfortunate interval between a dwindling number of sightings and functional extinction. This graceful, moderately sized, freshwater dolphin once occupied a thousand-mile stretch of Chinas Yangtze river, but it hasnt exactly flourished in modern times; as long ago as 300 B.C., early Chinese naturalists counted only a few thousand specimens. If the Baiji was imperiled back then, you can imagine the reasons it has completely disappeared today, with over 10 percent of the worlds population lining the shores (and exploiting the resources) of the Yangtze River. Like a patient dying of a terminal disease, extraordinary efforts were made to resuscitate the Baiji when people realized it was about to go extinct. In the late 1970s, the Chinese government established reserves along the Yangtze River for the Baiji, but most individuals died shortly after being relocated; even today, authorities maintain no less than five Baiji reserves, but there have been no confirmed sightings since 2007. It may yet prove possible to reintroduce the Baiji by breeding captive individuals, a program known as de-extinction, but its more likely that the very last Baiji will die in captivity (as has happened with many other recently extinct animals, such as the Passenger Pigeon and the Quagga).

Cox Surname Meaning and Origin

Cox Surname Meaning and Origin There are several possible origins or meanings for the last name Cox. Options include: Form of COCK (little), a term of endearment (i.e. WILLCOX, little Will), often used to denote a leader or chief man.Possibly originated from the Welsh word coch, meaning red.Cox could also be a locality descriptive surname for heap, haycock, or hillcock. Last Name Statistics Old and common last names are often difficult to define, research, or trace. Cox is the 78th most popular surname in the United States. Cox is also popular in England, coming in as the 52nd most common surname. Origin: English, French, Welsh, and/or IrishAlternate Spellings: Cocks Genealogy Resources Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Cox surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Cox query.RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Cox surname.FamilySearch hosts records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Cox surname and its variations. Resources and Further Reading Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004.Cottle, Basil. The Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Penguin, 1967.Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University, 1989.Hanks, Patrick, editor. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University, 2003.Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German-Jewish Surnames. Bilingual ed., Avotaynu, 2005.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical, 1997.

TEXTBOOK-Brinkley World War II chapters 25-26 Essay

TEXTBOOK-Brinkley World War II chapters 25-26 - Essay Example Among these invasions were; the military attacks on Poland by the Germans, the attack of China by the Japanese military. These invasions were majorly as a result of the undesirable decisions that were made by dictatorial leadership in Japan and Germany. For a period of two years, the United States took a neutral position in the ongoing global military conflicts that majorly occurred among Japan, Italy as well as the Germans. During this period the government of the United States of America under the guidance of the then President Franklin Roosevelt signed a program that would guide it to supply military weapons to the Free France, Britain, Russia (Soviet Union) and Italy which were its allies (Brinkley 692). The program was known as the Land Lease and it was implemented one and a half a year after the beginning of the Second World War. During this period, the United States of America also supplied other forms of aid to these nations, for instance; military personnel to take the position of the British forces that invaded Iceland. The first reason that led to the engagement of the United States of America in the world war two was the action taken by the Japanese military to advance in to China and the French Indochina. This angered the United States, Netherlands and the Great Britain which decided to cut off the supply of oil products to the Japanese military. This led to the halt of most of Japanese military weapons; however, Japan remained adamant and even suggested that they were ready for a war with the United States of America, an action that created tension between US and Japan (Brinkley 693). After Japan declared that it was ready for a war with the United States, it went ahead a carried an invasion on the United States’ navy that was stationed at Pearl Harbor. This attack was planned by the Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto who believed that the most effective way to defeat the powerful United States Military forces

Literary Elements of the Film (Pan's Labyrinth) Essay

Literary Elements of the Film (Pan's Labyrinth) - Essay Example Thesis statement: The analysis of Pans Labyrinth by Guillermo del Toro, based on literary elements like plot, symbolism, and conflict proves the futility of hatred/war and the role of motherly tenderness in reducing violence and bloodshed in the mortal and immortal worlds. This section is divided into three: Plot (the theme of motherly tenderness), symbolism (war and violence), and conflict (between real and imaginary worlds, and internal conflict related to dual personality). First of all, motherly tenderness is the most important theme unearthed by the director in the film. To be specific, the heroine (Ofelia) who sacrifices her own life for the wellbeing of others is symbolic of motherly tenderness. As pointed out, the film’s plot is interconnected with military/ political history of Spain, especially during 1940s, after the Spanish Civil War between the Republicans and Nationalists. In the film, the director provides ample importance to the internal turmoil in Spain. Charles Derry makes clear that â€Å"Where as Pans Labyrinth takes places after the end of the Spanish Civil War, the violence still continues† (323). Military posts were established to stamp out the resistance. In the film, Captain Vidal is portrayed as a brave character that fights against the rebels. From a different angle of view, the film is a fanciful after the end of the Spanish Civil War, the violence still continues. Military posts were established to stamp out the resistance. In the film, Captain Vidal is portrayed as a brave character that fights against the rebels. From a different angle of view, the film is a fanciful on the background of fascist repression and violence, the heroine is drawn into a mystical, old labyrinth and uncovers a tale that has long been forgotten. In the film, Ofelia realizes that Captain and his fascist allies try their level best to bring down the rebels who fight for freedom. This attempt destroys Ofelia’s world and she wants to have an escapade

Constitutional Law and Offender Treatment Analysis Essay

Constitutional Law and Offender Treatment Analysis - Essay Example Therefore, the justice system has been given power in line with the enacted laws to ensure that the powers granted are implemented by all sectors in compliance with the statutes. This paper therefore aims to identify and examine the statutory authority and responsibilities of justice system officials, security personnel, and private citizens regarding investigation, detention and the arrest of suspected offenders. It will particularly make an evaluation on the psychological and physical treatment of suspected offenders and associated laws by all concerned parties including the police, private security personnel, and the wider society. The paper will also examine the various laws in relation to the use of force by public police and private security.  Finally, it will examine the manner in which established laws affect public safety and individual rights associated with probation, parole, and correctional organizations. Constitutional Rights The U.S. Constitution's Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendments, through the due process clause in the Fourteenth Amendment, provide the rights relating to criminal laws that all citizens have. The Fourth Amendment forbids unrealistic and unwarranted searches and arrests of citizens and their property. The Sixth Amendment provides for rights and freedoms for criminal suspects. The amendments provide for a speedy and extensive investigation by the judge followed by a fair hearing in court. The constitution also has provisions that protect the suspect from harassment, intimidation and torture by the police, justice system and the wider society (Legal Rights Hand Book, 2005) Rights of Citizens The Constitution guarantees citizens the right to life, freedom of movement, speech, association etc. as long as the rights bestowed do not result in the violation of the rights of another individual or the State. If a citizen of a particular country feels that his or her rights have been violated he or she has the right to inform the police for intervention. However, in the event that the life of an individual is in danger hence cannot wait for police intervention that individual has the right to act in self-defense. For instance in South Africa in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Act(sec 42) an individual who is not a security personnel has the right to arrest an individual suspected of committing crime without a guarantee under special circumstances (Vuuren, 2000). The Justice System is the branch of government that is responsible for the execution and enforcement of laws that are enacted by legislature. The security personnel that include the public police and private security personnel have the duty of ensuring that the citizens follow the law and therefore help in maintaining law and order. When citizens fail to obey and respect the laws in place the police are entitled to act within the law and ensure those responsible for committing crimes are brought to justice by carrying out speedy and appropriate inves tigations and arresting the culprits. After the police have carried out extensive investigations, the justice system has the authority of using the evidence presented to sentence the offenders in accordance with the law. Once the offenders have been sentenced, it is the duty of the correctional centers such as prisons, parole and probation centers to ensure that the offenders serve their sentence and reform

Secret Recipe Franchise Analysis

Secret Recipe Franchise Analysis Executive Summary Secret Recipe, Dubai, UAE will be a franchise of catering company called Secret Recipe owned by ALAMERI Group. The business is in food services industry and has successfully established its brand name in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, China, Philippines, Pakistan, Brunei, and Australia by virtue of its fine quality cakes, fusion food and distinctive service. The purpose for this business plan is to provide a written guide for managing the franchise of Secret Recipe, Dubai, UAE and seek financing from relevant institution and investors by providing detailed funding business plan. This franchise of secret recipe will be owned by Taleb AlAmeri and will be primarily involved in the provision of variety fresh food products such as cheese, chocolate and fresh, cream cakes, health cakes and brownies. The business mission statement is to be solution oriented innovatively and the vision is to be one of the leading telecommunication companies in Africa. The objective of the company is to provide job opportunities youths, generate income for owners and to give 10% of the revenue back to the community. The fundamentals of this business success rest with the capacity to deliver value to the customer at competitive prices (Ajami, Cool Goddard, 2006).With the background knowledge of stiff competition in the food industry within Dubai, this franchise aims at attracting and retaining its customer through the provision of fine quality food products and distinctive service. In addition to the above, the fundamentals of this business will encapsulate best demonstration of ethical practice within both the internal and external environment. This is because of the backdrop knowledge of the stringent measures and legislations that govern the food industry. The food industry is expected to grow in the near and innovative approaches to food service and delivery will define success within this industry. Changing consumer demographics and increasingly complicated customers are pushing food service businesses to the drawing boards (Toyne Nigh, 1999). The success of this franchise will depend on the capacity to create a powerful market niche that cannot be broken. General Company Description What makes the business very unique is the realization that businesses and consumers are increasingly demanding more leading edge in service and product delivery in the most efficient, time saving and reliable way (Hill, 2008). The Secret Recipe situated at Dubai Mall, UAE a franchise of Secret Recipes will be primarily involved in the provision of fine quality cakes and fusion food. This will encompass the provision of more than 20 types of fusion food, 40 cake creations and pastries, with a flavorful range of ice cream and beverages. Mission statement: To provide world class food services to the customer. Vision: To become a leading provider in fine quality cakes and fusion food. The company will offer value addition services innovatively using the existing technology for reliability and efficiency. With a powerful website to be developed, the customers will be able to sample and purchase their preferred choice of quality fine cakes and fusion foods online. The website will be used to advertise and sell the products and services offered by the company. Company Goals and Objectives Goals To have the franchise operating exactly three months after receiving adequate funding. Obtain $ 200,000 of capital by 31st December 2010 to staff and launch the business towards achieving its long term goals. To attain the stated year goal of recruiting employees by the beginning of the year 2011. Objectives Achieve excellent levels of high ethical standards within the food industry. Have a healthy, successful company that is a leader in customer service and that has a loyal customer following. Achieve a sales target of $20,000 within the first three months of the operation. Business Philosophy: The most important aspect of this business is to provide value to the customer through distinctive service and in a manner that guarantees their return. The more than 20 types of fusion food, 40 cake creations and pastries, with a flavorful range of ice cream and beverages will be sold to all customers of different backgrounds in United Arabs Emirates. However, I envisage to draw the larger bulk of my customer base from the residents of Dubai City. Because of the increasing innovative marketing approaches, the marketing strategy will strive to reach customers of diverse backgrounds and will then be narrowed down to touch on the specific market niche. Food industry is a growth industry that has leaped from one phase to the other and is expected to record tremendous growth in the future. Changes that will arise in the future will mainly be in regard to changing demographics and the complexity in the demands of the customer. This will also include changes in technology that will define the operations and customer service delivery (Singh Delios, 2005). My company will stay in tandem with the changes in the food industry and at pace with technological advancement to reap the most out of the benefits presented by these two growth scenarios. My greatest strength and competency that will also be my competitive advantage is the unrivalled experience in the food industry and chain management. As the owner of this franchise, I plan to put in an aggressive and innovative marketing campaign within this industry that will immediately smoke away competition and enhance my entry and strong regional presence in Dubai. I strongly believe my competitors strength will be based on tears of operation that have made them acquire a deeper sense of understanding of the customer. In fact, after an intensive research on the competitors strengths and weaknesses, the company realized that the competitors strengths are based on the experience, location, advertisement, employee, technology, financial, political connection and goodwill. I plan to plough in my vast experience in management within the food industry to his business and ensure its survival. In addition to the above, my capacity to raise capital that will cover important business start-up areas will provide me a competitive advantage against my competitors who has struggling with waning confidence in small and medium sized entrepreneurs by banks. Furthermore, I expect to reap from the efforts of the main company in regards to brand and image building. This will be a sole proprietorship type of business. This is because I believe the inability to raise adequate capital forms the reason behind enlargement and partnerships. Capital is not a problem in my case. Furthermore, sole proprietorship offers the best and simplest environment in regard to decision making (Cherunilam, 2004). I plan to execute my decisions and discharge my duties within this business without any opposition and inhibition. Products and Services This will be an entirely food business that will only deal with the products of the mother company. I will sell the more than 20 types of fusion food, 40 cake creations and pastries, with a flavorful range of ice cream and beverages offered in all  Secret Recipe  outlets. After an intensive research on the competitors strengths and weaknesses, the company realized that the competitors strengths are based on the experience, location, advertisement, employee, technology, financial, political connection and goodwill. These will form the areas that will define my competitive disadvantages. As a new franchise, I plan to get into the market at a slightly reduced sales fee in comparison to my competitors. This will form the introductory offer of the business that is aimed at drawing the customer to the business. Marketing Plan My marketing ill revolve around the need to adapt my brands to meet local and regional culture because of the understanding that branding act as a means of linking items that are part of product line and emphasizes the individuality of product items. This emphasis can only be achieved in instances where products items fit into the local or regional culture of the target market. This is a food industry and therefore I expect very little conflict with the culture of the people in Dubai. In addition to the above, the adapting of these brands to fit into the local and regional culture of the target market is a competitive advantage that is commonly used by competing firms engaged in the sale of similar or substitute products. In essence, this means that a firm that outperforms the others in the primary goal of performance-profitability-has competitive advantage. A reference back to the branding generic model of firms can be made, where the question of whether firms are branding strategies is cost driven or value added arises. Value added competitive advantage arises in instances where competing firms attach strong cognizance to the understanding of local or regional culture before launching their product lines. Companies succeed in branding strategies that their rival because their products are positioned to capitalize on their unique characteristics of a local or regional group and which, in one or more aspects, their rivals find hard to emulate. This competitive adv antage gives it a basis for outperforming competitors because of the value that firms are able to present to the customer. These will define my marketing plan. Management and Organization As I have stated, the day to day management of the business will be my primary duty with the support of other individuals that will form part of employees in the company. The procedure of running the business will be through delegation as per the chain of current bellow DIRECTORS CEOs SENIOR MANAGER FINANCE MANAGER ASSISTANT AGENTS WATCHMEN HUMAN RESOURSE MANAGER The managers and the staff are very important for the company as they are the means through which goals are realized, duties are carried out and they provide the links between the organization and the clients. 5.2 Management team The initial management team consists of the founders who will be working jointly as shareholders. The founders of the company share a vision for the success of Secret Recipe Franchise situated in Dubai, UAE. Their duty will involve day to day running of the business which involves finance, logistics and human resource. In future the company will have a general manager, finance manager and human resource manager who must have a degree or diploma with the relevant course from a recognized University or College. 5.3 Other personnel Apart from the management team, the company is having three (3) supervisors at the head office and one (1) assistant supervisor in every department. The company is planning to employ watchmen, office messenger and more assistant agents as we will be expanding. These personnel have and will have minimum qualification of O level education and diverse knowledge in the food industry. 5.4 Recruitment The management team has been able to recruit other personnel through networking and train them within the already existing outlets before they are posted to the new outlets. The business will also consider advertising through posters, internal memo, friends and relatives, internet, electronic media like radio and printed media like newspapers. The recruitment process will involve short-listing of the applicants, interviewing of the shortlisted applicants, selection of the successful applicants and finally issuing the appointment letter. We will also recruit through confirmation of the interns and the volunteers. 5.5 Orientation, training and developing of staff Secret Recipe Franchise Company will carry out orientation, training and development of staff through induction, on the job training, contract training, refresher courses, internship and evaluation after training. The company is looking forward to become custodians of a very fragile yet integral good: customer trust, therefore the company will maintain refresher courses to ensure all our staffs are properly aligned when it comes to personal integrity. 5.6 Remuneration/incentives 5.6.1 Salaries/wages The company will offer to the personnel a very competitive basic salary according to the qualification, experience, position and expertise. The salary will also be based on what the competitors offer and the companys returns. There will be a commission for the sales personnel and prompt payment for wages. 5.6.2 Fringe benefits Incentive is also another factor that the company has put at the top of priorities. Incentives will enable, motivate or encourage a particular course of action which in turn will contribute to the company success. We will offer allowances in terms of overtime, leave, millage, hardship and many more as they may arise. There will be bonuses including awards in terms of value for money and certificates. Currently the company provides tea, soft drink and has installed a television system. The business will soon embark on taking our staff to the trips, have insurance cover for them and remit contributions on their behalf to their respective insurance companies. 5.7 Support services The company will require the following support services; financial advisor, legal advisor, banking system, security support services, infrastructure and insurance services. 9. FINANCIAL PLAN The company has at its disposal a sum total of $20,000 as a financial source from directors personal savings. We are therefore looking for funding from other investors and banks. The business finance will be used to for the facilities, equipments, materials, cash for operating expenses and salaries, fees and other costs. 9.1 Capitalization 9.1.1 Own contribution Capitalization based on the shareholders contributions is $20,000. 9.1.2 Proposed funds from borrowing sources For the business to operate as proposed, the start-up cost must be met. The company is therefore proposing funds from borrowing sources of $ 20, 000 9.1.3 Total investment Total investment is the sum of own contribution and the proposed funds from borrowing sources which is $40,000. The following sections lay out the details of the financial plan for rapid, but controlled growth for the next one year. The simple structure to be adopted by the company will provide a great deal of flexibility resulting in few coordination problems hence quick reaction to changes in the market. 7.3 Cash flow projection for the year 2011 Jan Feb Mar April May June July August Sep Oct Nov Dec Total CASH IN Cash carried Forward 300 1,866.67 1,733.34 1,800.01 1,851.68 1,903.35 2,005.02 2,056.69 2,088.36 2,180.03 2,216.7 2,303.37 22,305.22 LOAN 2,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,000 Cash from Sales 200 600 800 850 850 900 900 900 1,000 1,000 1,050 1,100 10,150 CASH OUT Salary 350 450 450 510 510 510 510 510 550 550 550 550 6,000 Rent 40 40 40 45 45 45 45 45 45 50 50 50 540 Office Running Costs 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 70 70 70 70 70 700 LOAN PAYMENT 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 1,120 Drawings 100 100 100 100 100 100 150 150 150 200 200 200 1,650 CASH BALANCE 1,566.67 -133.33 66.67 51.67 51.67 101.67 51.67 31.67 91.67 36.67 86.67 136.67 2,140.04 CUMULATIVE 1,866.67 1,733.34 1,800.01 1,851.68 1,903.35 2,005.02 2,056.69 2,088.36 2,180.03 2,216.7 2,303.37 2,440.04 NOTE: All values are in $ (00) 7.3 Cash flow projection for the year 2011 Jan Feb Mar April May June July August Sep Oct Nov Dec Total CASH IN Cash carried Forward 2,440.04 2,487.79 2,535.54 2,583.29 2,631.04 2,678.79 2,726.54 2,774.29 2,822.04 2,869.79 2,917.54 2,965.29 32,431.98 LOAN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cash from Sales 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 1,099.58 13,195 CASH OUT Salary 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 7,800 Rent 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.5 702 Office Running Costs 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 58.33 700 LOAN PAYMENT 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 1,120 Drawings 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 2,400 CASH BALANCE 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 39.42 473.04 CUMULATIVE 2,487.79 2,535.54 2,583.29 2,631.04 2,678.79 2,726.54 2,774.29 2,822.04 2,869.79 2,917.54 2,965.29 3,013.04 NOTE: All values are in $ (00) 7.3 Cash flow projection for the year 2012 Jan Feb Mar April May June July August Sep Oct Nov Dec Total CASH IN Cash carried Forward 3,013.04 3,196.49 3,379.94 3,563.39 3,746.84 3,930.29 4,113.74 4,297.19 4,480.64 4,664.09 4,847.54 5,030.99 48,264.18 LOAN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cash from Sales 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 1,429.5 17,153.5 CASH OUT Salary 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 845 10,140 Rent 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 76.05 912.6 Office Running Costs 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 900 LOAN PAYMENT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Drawings 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 3,000 CASH BALANCE 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 183.45 2,201.4 CUMULATIVE 3,196.49 3,379.94 3,563.39 3,746.84 3,930.29 4,113.74 4,297.19 4,480.64 4,664.09 4,664.09 5,030.99 5,214.44 NOTE: All values are in $ (00) 9.6 break-even levels Cheese Cakes Chocolate and Fresh Cream Cakes Health Cakes Brownies Revenue 6,342,000 1,080,000 1,000,000 1,008,000 720,000 Selling Price (SP)/unit 32 56 32,250 70 80 Units 198,188 19,286 31 14,400 9,000 Variable cost/unit à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. 54 28,375 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 15 Variable cost à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. 1,041,444 879,625 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 135,000 Contribution 6,342,000 38,556 120,375 1,008,000 585,000 Weighted Average Contribution (WAC) = total contribution/total revenue (Johnson Turner, 2003). = $ 80,939.31/$ 101,500 = 0.8 Break Even-Point (BEP) = Fixed cost/WAC = 90,500 Units 9.7 Measurement of profitability 9.7.1 Operating profit margin Operating profit margin = (operating profit/Revenue) x100 First year: Operating profit margin = (1,400/101,500) x 100 = 1.38% Second year: Operating profit margin = (4,730/131,950) x 100 = 3.58% Third year: Operating profit margin = (22,009/171,530) x 100 = 12.83% 9.7.2 Current Ratio Current Ratio = Current assets/Current liabilities Projected Current Ratio by the end December 31, 2011 = 21,000/11,200 = 1.875 9.7.3 Return On Investment (ROI) Return On Investment (ROI) = Net Profit/Investment Return On Investment (ROI) for the ended December 31, 2010 = 1400/23,000 = 0.06

Marketing Research Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing BTEC Coursework

Marketing Research 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Sasel Research has developed a research proposal for Epic Developers to investigate the needs and wants when buying inner-city luxury apartments. The information that we collect will determine the advertising strategies that will be employed. Background information must be considered before research design and data collection methods are implemented. We have collected a variety of secondary information including Australian Bureau of Statistics and focusing on recent surveys and reports they have published. This information paved the way to developing our further research methods. We have decided that a questionnaire and focus groups would be the most appropriate method of research when considering our target audiences. The information gathered will allow Epic Developers to create a successful advertising campaign. Limitations within our research have also been addressed and further research has been outlined in our proposal. 2. PROBLEM DEFINITION Sasel Marketing Research has developed a primary research project that utilises a communications approach. We will be directly questioning respondents to obtain data by using a questionnaire. In order to give our recommendations on the best way to promote a new complex, we need to successfully obtain the necessary data. To acquire this data we need to come into direct contact with potential apartment buyers and existing apartment owners to find their perceptions and motivations that drive their behaviours. The communication method has been chosen, as it is fast, versatile, generally inexpensive and allows more control over the data-gathering activities. Our objectives can be met sufficiently through the communication method of collecting primary data. 3. OBJECTIVES The aim and objective of this research project is to determine the factors that interest of potential apartment buyers of units with out a view so as to create an advertisement that will effective advertise the apartment. These findings will assist the organization in their selection of the elements of the ad. So as to communicate more effectively to their target audience. This research project will take into account the different elements of purchasing a new apartment, in the city, which has no views. And will look into the areas that the apartment has to offer, our uniqu... ...dvertisement and the placement of the ads. Post testing—sales figures and questionnaires To measure the success of the campaign after the sales of the apartments, we will measure the effectiveness by looking at the sales figures. This will give us an estimated idea of the effectiveness of the ads. But to confirm the results, a questionnaire will be posted to the buyers to evaluate the results. A questionnaire will also be done via a telephone interview to the participants that were called upon before. This will give us an estimate of what is the awareness of these people. Bibliography: AusStats: Home Ownership and renting [on-line]. (1999). Available WWW: http://www.ab†¦/ [2001, September 5]. AusStats: Housing motivations and Intentions, Western Australia [on-line]. (1999). Available WWW: http://www.ab†¦/ [2001, September 21]. AusStats: Special Article – First home Buyers (Year Book Australia, 2000) [on-line]. (2000) Available WWW: http;//www.ab†¦/ [2001, September 21]. AusStats: Types of Dwellings [on-line]. (1999). Available WWW: http://www.abs†¦/ [2001 September 21]. Churchill, G.A. (2001). Basic Marketing Research. The Drydon Press: Florida.

Al Capone The greatest Carthaginian Essay

The play ‘A View from the Bridge’ is full of suspense which puzzles and mystifies the audience to specify the principle reason behind the tension that causes the immature death of Eddie Carbone. The author Arthur Miller delineates the dreadful ramification of the tension derived from the opening scene of the play. Accordingly, the presence of tension throughout the play keeps the audience alerted for an inexorable tragedy. By way of this, the author tries to pinpoint the other significant themes imminent to the play. Yet, this essay will concentrate upon the techniques that Arthur Miller devises to build up tension in the opening scenes of this play, which dominates the whole parts of the play. At the beginning of the play Alfieri, the lawyer who has originated from Sicily, starts by introducing himself, the area and the people to us. In his opening speech he presents the violent nature of the neighbourhood of Red Hook which refers to 1940s slum area in New York. So, he describes Red Hook and talks about the history of it. When he talks about the gang leader, Al Capone ‘The greatest Carthaginian of all when precisely shot Frankie Yale in half with a machine-gun’, the audience starts thinking of violence and gangsters, and a place which is utterly dangerous. He also describes Red Hook as a slum that triggers the audiences’ attention to think that the place is an uncomfortable one. Alfieri is unlucky as he is connected with disasters. Since he is a lawyer, a very few people like him in fact. This makes the audience think that Alfieri is an unpopular character in the area. However, being a lawyer he must get involved with some uncomfortable incidence and dangerous situations. Although in the middle of his speech he talks about the reality of Red Hook, saying that, ‘now the people are civilised and I no longer keep a pistol in my cabinet’. He still describes Red Hook as a slum and yet keeps feeling discomfort in the area. So far, it gives the audience a sight of relief that the area has calmed down. In this regard, he states that, ‘out of all of my clients I admire Eddie Carbone the most, a longshoreman working the docks from Brooklyn Bridge to the breakwater were open scene begins’. This amplifies the tension, already in the audiences’ mind to enquire into the fact why this is. And this tension takes the audience to the main conflict between the characters where Eddie is in trouble in controlling his family. The relationship between Eddie and Catherine (Eddie’s niece) is very confusing, as a normal family wouldn’t act like he does in the play. This confusion comes into play when Eddie tells Catherine that her skirt is too short. So their conversation reveals that they are in an argument, as they argue: Eddie- I think it’s too short, ain’t it? Catherine- NO! Not when I stand up. Eddie- Yeah, but you gotta sit down sometimes. In this speech there are plenty of strong feelings of resentment, where Catherine doesn’t think her skirt is short but Eddie does. The reason for this antagonism is due to all the male suppression being turned to Catherine. Eddie being a man and also being obsessed with his male authority actively tries to manipulate Catherine’s private life. Eddie is jealous, so Catherine doesn’t know what he is talking about. One more is when Catherine greets Eddie saying, ‘hi’ and Eddie is pleased and therefore, becomes shy. The audience are now in a puzzle to understand why he is shy. A normal person wouldn’t act in this way to their niece what makes the audience think why Eddie is behaving in such a mysterious way. Therefore, this mystifies the audience and brings tension as they would like to know why these unnatural activities are happening. The relationship between Eddie and Beatrice is again not like a normal husband and wife. Beatrice dominates Eddie too much; she disagrees to Eddie most of the time and doesn’t appreciate him at all. The reason for this is because Eddie gives much attention on Catherine than Beatrice. It goes to such an extent which seems Catherine is more important to him. This makes Beatrice getting upset. These are the downfalls in their relationship that leads them to departing from their normal married life. Eddie doesn’t appreciate Beatrice anymore; we notice signs of this problem when Eddie asks Beatrice, ‘are you mad at me lately’. And Beatrice replies back in a very irritated way, ‘I’m not mad, you’re mad. ‘ This makes the audience think how could a wife talk to her husband in such a impolite way; maybe this is because Beatrice is upset with Eddie as he is not caring about her that much, and putting all his attention to Catherine. A good concrete example of this is when Eddie stands face to face with the two seated women Catherine and Beatrice. Beatrice smiles at Eddie and so to Catherine; Eddie looks at Catherine and smiles at her which makes Beatrice feel very uncomfortable. Eddie doesn’t want to let go off Catherine and wants her to stay beside him all the time. So, he doesn’t want to let Catherine work. We now know that Eddie and his wife Beatrice’s relationship is not going to last for long because of Eddie’s obsession to Catherine. The audience can assume, from this conflict, what types of social phenomenon exists at that society. Thus, the conflict becomes apparent in that American society where huge migrants including Sicilian start living there. The way the American federal government deals with their law is completely different to how the people of Sicily deal with that. America only observes the literal interpretation of law written in a law book. So, if anybody goes and tells the police about someone who infringes any minor branch of law according to the strict rule becomes a good person for his/her extreme cooperation. On the contrary, Sicilian Code of honour differs with the American federal laws. In Sicily the community law is much stronger making the community people safe regardless of infringing any minor laws, such as immigration laws. If anyone does not abide by or observe this, s/he has to face the hatred of others. In that respect, a striking example becomes apparent when we find Vinny Bonzano had informed the immigration office about his uncle who had been hiding in his house. He broke the Code of Honour and for this treachery, he was punished and abused physically by his five older brothers and father. Eddie Carbone adopts similar kind of betrayal when he finds Rodolpho and Catherine having a relationship. He cannot bear this to continue any further. So, the only way to destroy their relationship is by informing the immigration officers that he is an illegal migrant, even though Eddie realises that people including his own wife are going to rebel on him. However, he still goes through it —- because his jealousness and personal vendetta is uncontrollable —- and virtually he embraces the consequence — the death. By and large, it seems that the whole play turns to its final fatality where all characters bear some responsibility, however trivial in some extent, which descends to the tragic death of Eddie. Arthur Miller builds up such tension by showing difficulties in the relationship between Eddie and Catherine as well as Beatrice. The way he shows the conflict between American and Sicilian justice is really remarkable. He does this so well that we are ready for the predicament that happens when Marco and Rodopho arrive and he also prepares us for the tragedy of Eddie’s downfall to come into death.

Lord of the Flies Characters essays

Lord of the Flies Characters essays Often in literature, the actions of a character indicate what kind of person he is. In the novel Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, both Ralph and Jacks actions indicate what kind of people they are. Ralphs actions indicate that hes a responsible, intelligent leader. Jacks actions indicate that hes a crazy, devil-like leader. Ralph indicates that he is a smart, responsible leader by doing various things throughout the journey on the island. He takes control and acts as the leader in the beginning of the story. This is his first good move. All the other people on the island were either younger or not as smart in his eyes. This act of taking over shows that Ralph is an intelligent and responsible individual. He also makes keeping the fire going the number one priority of the forsaken boys. This is the only way they will be rescued. All the other boys think about having fun, playing games, and going hunting. Ralph thinks logically and understands that this is the only way out and the boys will be thankful later on. This shows once again how good of a leader Ralph is. Ralph makes a set of rules and tries to enforce them. He wants to maintain order and retain the kids in a civilized state of matter. Of course this doesnt work, but at least he tries. This action of him making rules indicates that Ralph is a responsible and intelligent leader. Lastly, Ralph sticks up for Piggy at some times in the story, although he embarrasses him at times too. He knows that Piggy is the brains of the group. They need him. This action of protecting Piggy shows how smart and caring Ralph is. Ralphs actions indicate what kind of person he is. Jack indicates that he is a crazy, devil-like leader by doing various things throughout the island adventure. At first, he fights over Ralph being the lone leader and argues with everybody. This shows how shallow he is. Ralph is the chosen lead ...

Ralph essays

Ralph essays Ralph, a twelve-year-old boy is deserted with a group of boys on a tropical island. He is the protagonist of Lord of the Flies. Ralph is the elected leader of the boys at the introduction of the novel, Ralph, along with the conch, is the primary representation of democracy, civilization, and authority. While most of the boys are intent on playing, having fun, and avoiding work at the beginning of the novel, Ralph builds huts and thinks of ways to increase their chances of rescue. Because of this, his influence over the other boys is very strong at the beginning of the novel. Nevertheless, as the novel progresses and the group reverts to savagery, Ralph's influence declines prematurely as Jack's influence increases. Ralph's responsibility to civilization is very strong, and his main wish is to be rescued and returned to the macrocosm instead of remaining in the microcosm. This influence gives Ralph victory at the end of the novel when he uses the stick that was sharpened on both ends, which had the pigs head on it, to defend himself against the hunters. Ralph realized that savagery existed in all of the boys when he learned of their plans to hunt and kill him. Throughout most of the novel, Ralph is incapable of understanding why the other boys would give into the unruly instincts of savagery. The vision of the hunters chants and dances confused and bewildered him. On the other hand, when Ralph participates in the hunting of the boar for the first time, he experiences the exhilaration and thrill of bloodlust and violence. When he goes to Jack's feast, the excitement and the emotion overtake him. He experiences firsthand the evil that is part of him, as well as, within all parts of the human race; it plunges him into spiritless gloom. When Ralph's misfortune is at its end, he is rescued and returned to civilization. When he sees the naval officer, he tells him what he has learned about the true human heart. ...

Integrated Health Promotion Plan Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Integrated Health Promotion Plan - Case Study Example Despite having an advantage of increased patient outcome, health promotion reduces morbidity and lowers health liabilities cost in the health care at large. Health promotion is in three levels that include primary level, secondary level, and tertiary level. These levels are regularly used in nursing to enhance an individual overall well-being. The primary prevention main goal is to prevent an individual from developing a disease; it entails the provision of  education on healthy lifestyle habits. The secondary level main goal is to avert disease from escalating to complication; it involves reducing the disease progress or halting the disease in the early stages. The main aim at this level is to move an individual from negative lifestyle behaviours to healthy habits. The tertiary level aims at helping an individual with a chronic disease to cope with the disease, and if possible reverse or halt the progression of the disease to adverse levels (Whitehead, 2011). In an attempt to prevent hypertension disease from occurring, it is important to recognise different practices in health care that predisposes individuals to developing the disease. An associated wellness programme is then instituted to help in curbing the unhealthy practices among the community members. The interventions to promote health and prevent hypertension include behaviour modification as well as screening. Wu et al., (2012) study showed that hypertension was linked to an accumulation of cholesterol in the intima of the blood vessels, kidney diseases and cardiovascular diseases. To prevent accumulation of the cholesterol in the body an individual should eat food that are having low cholesterol. They include all vegetable foodstuffs, plant proteins like beans and peas, white meat such as meat of fish and poultry among others. Other foodstuff that contains a high level of cholesterol should be taken in limitation as per the nutritionist recommendation. In

The Lady Eve review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Lady Eve review - Essay Example In this film, Rowans father is willing to do anything for his sick son. He is seen traveling a long journey to seek treatment for his son who was discovered with Autism disease. The father has played a parenting role as he overcomes all the challenges along the way without giving up. A society has a power to determine how children grow and their future character. It is imperative for parents to give and offer the right morals and guidance to their children for better molding in a society. One of the major differences between Ai Wei-Wei and Banksy is that Ai Wei-Wei used graffiti art while Bankysy used street art. Bankysy was a filmmaker who used art to deliver his message. He was voted as one of the most influential persons in the world. He is put in the same category with the alike of Obama and lady gaga. He mainly displaces his art on publically visible places such as walls. On the other hand, Wei-Wei was a filmmaker and activist in China. His use of art was considered as destructive. He uses Scarecrow to deliver his message in the street of China. Art is a variety of human activities and the resulting product of those activities that usually involve technical and imaginative skills. These activities include criticism of work, work of art production, the study of art, and dissemination of art. Art focuses on the production of visual art that includes the creation of object or image, painting, printmaking, and photography. Art can be mainly be used for educating a s ociety. One of the place where you can display art include on public streets and roads. A good example where you can use art is when you want to challenge a governments decision to ignore public opinion. One can decide to use art to educate people about the serious consequences of the governments choice of action or decision. Art is very effective way of communication and educating a society. The book of Kells is sometimes known as

Interest Rate Risk Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Interest Rate Risk Assignment - Essay Example Indeed, the credit was sold to the customer at a lower price (lower interest rate) than it could have been if it had been sold at a later time. Certainly, this is one of the simple examples, but we must consider that the value of the bank itself can be directly affected by the interest rate risk, through changes in its overall assets and liabilities values2 and given the time value of money. The repricing gap model is one of the simplest used by banks to determine the amount of exposure for their assets and is based on "the net differences between interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities maturing at different times"3). Within established time bands (one day, 1 day 3 months, 3-6 months etc. up to assets and liabilities with maturities of over 5 years), total liability values are subtracted from total asset values to evaluate a gap between the two. Each gap value thus obtained can be multiplied by a the assumed change in interest rates in order to obtain the potential numerical expression of the impact the change in interest rates will have on the value of that respective bandwidth (evaluated as the gap between assets and liabilities). ... Despite the fact that the repricing gap model is simple enough to be used by almost everybody, one of its biggest disadvantages refers exactly to this simplicity of the model. Indeed, there is practically no other variable being taking into consideration other than the difference in value between assets and liabilities within a time band. The market conditions generally impose multiple variable, such as different maturing and repricing periods4 or payments that need to be taken into consideration, so we may point out towards the fact that this model is only an approximation of the level of exposure of a bank to the interest rate risk. The duration gap analysis is somewhat more complex and provides more answers for a proper interest rate exposure analysis. It "focuses on managing NII or the market value of equity, recognizing the timing of cash flows"5, which is something that the repricing gap model ignored. According to the same source (Koch and MacDonald), an effective duration gap analysis will include three main steps. First of all, the bank management and analysis department will need to develop a forecast for the future levels of interest rate. Subsequently, the management determined the market value for all the assets and liabilities held by the bank. Third of all, an estimation of the weighted duration of assets and of the weighted duration of liabilities is made. In order to be able to hedge the market value of the bank's equity, the management will evaluate the difference between the weighted duration of assets and the weighted duration of liabilities and will set the condition that this equals to 0. Upon calculation, the bank management's conclusion will hold either an adjustment of either asset or liability weighted duration. 3.a)